نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: abcdef@ut.ac.ir

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: abcdef@ut.ac.ir

3 مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت گواهی و بذر نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی کرج، ایران. رایانامه: abcdef@ut.ac.ir

4 گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: ghanbari@srbiau.ac.ir

5 گروه زراعت، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: abcdef@ut.ac.ir

چکیده

به‌منظور انتخاب والدین مناسب جهت اهداف اصلاحی، شناخت کافی از تنوع ژنتیکی و طبقه‏بندی ژرم‏پلاسم‏ها ضروری است. به این منظور پژوهشی جهت طبقه‏بندی و شناخت تنوع فنوتیپی 17 ژنوتیپ بادمجان در سه تکرار در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سال 1398 در مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر شهر کرج انجام شد. در مجموع 19 صفت موردارزیابی قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش برخی صفات مورفولوژیک هم‌چون تعداد روز تا گلدهی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد ساقه در بوته، تعداد گره و میانگره، وزن و عملکرد میوه هم‌چنین میزان فنل کل، آنتوسیانین کل و گلیکوآلکالویید سولاسونین در میوه اندازه‏گیری شد. نتایج تجریه واریانس برای تمام صفات فوق در سطح یک درصد معنی‏دار بود. دامنه تغییرات، تنوع ژنتیکی بسیار زیادی را در بین ارقام نشان داد که می‏تواند برای اهداف متفاوت اصلاحی مفید باشد، ارتفاع بوته کم‌تر برای جلوگیری از خوابیدگی و تعداد ساقه و گل بیش‌تر برای رسیدن به عملکرد بالاتر دارای اهمیت است که ژنوتیپ 13321 از سایر ژنوتیپ‏ها کوتاه‏تر بود. تجزیه خوشه‏ای ژنوتیپ‏های موردمطالعه را در سه گروه مجزا قرار داد و بادمجان‏های سفید را به‌طور مشخص از بادمجان‏های رنگی جدا کرد. نتایج تجزیه به مؤلفه‏های اصلی نیز ضمن تأیید نتایج تجزیه کلاستر نشان داد که بادمجان‏های رنگی نسبت به بادمجان‏های سفید زودرس‏تر، عملکرد میوه بیش‌تر و مقدار گلیکوآلکالوئید سولاسونین کم‌تری داشتند اگرچه بادمجان‏های رنگی مورداستفاده در این پژوهش ارقام اصلاح شده بودند، اما این نکته قابل‌توجه است که استفاده از روش‏های اصلاحی در بهبود کمیت و کیفیت بادمجان دارای اهمیت می‏باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Morphological and Phytochemical Diversity of Some White Eggplant Genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Forough Fallahi 1
  • Vahid Abdossi 2
  • Mahmoud Bagheri 3
  • Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi 4
  • Hamid Mozaffari 5

1 Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: Forough.fallahi@srbiau.ac.ir

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: abdossi@srbiau.ac.ir

3 Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. E-mail: m-bagheri@areeo.ac.ir

4 Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: ghanbari@srbiau.ac.ir

5 Department of Agronomy, Shahr Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: h.mozafari@qodsiau.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

In order to select suitable parents for breeding purposes, one must have sufficient knowledge of genetic diversity and germplasm classification. It was for this reason that a study was conducted in 2019 at the Seed and Plant Research Institute in Karaj in order to identify and classify 17 eggplant genotypes based on the randomized complete block design. This stud measured 19 morphological traits such as number of days to flowering, plant height, number of stems per plant, number of nodes, and internodes, weight, and fruit yield as well as total phenol content, total anthocyanin content and glico-aldeid solasonin. The results of the analysis of variance revealed a significant difference for all the traits (p≤0.01). The range of variation showed great genetic diversity among cultivars, which can be useful for different breeding purposes, lower plant height to prevent dormancy. Greater number of stems and flowers are important to achieve higher yield, wherein 13321 genotypes showed lower height among genotypes. Cluster analysis classified the studied genotypes into three groups, and separated white eggplants from colored ones correctly. The PCA also confirmed the results of cluster analysis, showing that the color eggplants had more fruit yield, lower levels of solasonine, and lower days to maturity than white eggplants. However, the color eggplants that were used in this research were breeding cultivars; therefore, the use of breeding methods would be important to improve the quality and quantitative of eggplant genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Breeding
  • Cluster decomposition
  • Decomposition into principal components
  • Morphological traits
  • Solasonin
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