نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحدخوی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوی، ایران.

2 دانش‌‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد خوی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوی، ایران.

3 دانش‌‌آموخته دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

فاصله‌های ردیف و تراکم کاشت از عوامل مهم در عملکرد لوبیا قرمز محسوب می‌شوند. در همین راستا اثر تراکم‌ بوته و روش‌های کنترل علف‌های هرز بر عملکرد پروتئین دانه لوبیا قرمز، به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی شهرستان خوی در سال 1397 بررسی شد. تراکم بوته در سه سطح (20، 25 و 30 بوته در متر‌مربع)و روش‌های کنترل علف‌های هرز در چهار سطح عدم کنترل، علف‌کش اختصاصی (بنتازون)، علف‌کش عمومی (پاراکوات) و وجین دستی بودند. اثر متقابل تراکم بوته و روش‌های کنترل علف‌های هرز بر تعداد شاخه جانبی، تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن صددانه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت و عملکرد پروتئین دانه معنی­دار بود اما بر تعداد دانه در غلاف اثر معنی­داری نداشت. بیش‌ترین تعداد غلاف در بوته (26 عدد) در تراکم 20 بوته در مترمربع و اعمال وجین دستی علف‌های هرز حاصل شد. بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه و عملکرد پروتئین دانه نیز به‌ترتیب 3391 و 841 کیلوگرم در هکتار در تراکم 30 بوته در مترمربع و اعمال وجین دستی علف‌های هرز به‌دست آمد. تداخل علف‌های هرز، می­تواند کیفیت محصول را نیز به‌واسطه تغییر در ترکیبات موجود در دانه نظیر پروتئین، تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. با افزایش توانایی رقابت محصول از طریق انتخاب تراکم بهینه (30 بوته در مترمربع) در ترکیب با وجین دستی علف‌های هرز، به عملکرد مطلوب در لوبیا قرمز دست یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of Grain Protein Yield of Red Bean in Different Plant Densities and Weed Control Methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Roshdi 1
  • Mohammad kazemalilou 2
  • Solmaz Kazemalilou 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran.

2 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran.

3 Former Ph.D. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The row spacing and planting density are important factors in yield of red bean. In this regard the effects of plant density and weed control methods on grain protein yield of red bean have been studied via a field study as a factorial based on complete randomized blocks design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of Khoy during 2018. Plant density is at three levels (20, 25, and 30 plants per m2) and weed control methods are at four levels (lack of control, selective herbicide (Bentazon), general herbicide (paraquat), and manual control). Results show that the interaction effect of plant density and weed control methods has been significant on the number of lateral branches, number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight, grain yield, harvest index, and grain protein yield, though without any significant effect on the number of grain per pod. The highest number of pods per plant (26) is obtained at the density of 20 plants per m2 and manual weeding. The highest seed yield and seed protein yield, 3391 and 841 kg ha-1 belong to the density of 30 plants per m2 and manual weeding, respectively. The interference of weeds can also affect crop production quality by altering the grains composition such as protein. It can be achieved to optimum yield in red bean by increasing the competitive ability of the crop through the selection of optimal density (30 plants per m2) in combination with manual weeding.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bentazon
  • grain protein
  • harvest index
  • red bean
  • weight of 100- grain
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