نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع ‌طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

به‌ منظور بررسی تاثیر سیلیکون بر صفات بیوشیمیایی، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و عملکرد دو رقم گندم نان و ماکارونی تحت شرایط تنش آبی پایان فصل، پژوهشی مزرعه‌ای به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال زراعی 97-1396 با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل رژیم آبیاری در دو سطح آبیاری مطلوب و قطع آبیاری از اواخر گل‌دهی، محلول‌پاشی سیلیکون در سطوح صفر، 1، 2 و 3 میلی‌مولار و دو رقم گندم نان (چمران) و دوروم (شبرنگ) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات اصلی تنش آبی پایان فصل، ارقام و سیلیکون بر محتوای نسبی آب برگ، محتوای کلروفیل کل، محتوای کاروتنوئید و عملکرد دانه معنی‌دار ‌بود. محتوای نسبی آب برگ در شرایط تنش آبی و مصرف 3 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون 50 درصد افزایش نسبت به شرایط عدم مصرف سیلیکون داشت. پروتئین دانه در شرایط تنش آبی و محلول‌پاشی 3 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون 3/59 درصد نسبت به شرایط عدم مصرف سیلیکون افزایش داشت. هم‌چنین کلروفیل کل و محتوای کاروتنوئید در شرایط تنش آبی و کاربرد 3 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون به ترتیب 5/42 و 9/44 درصد افزایش را نشان دادند. به‌طورکلی، محلول‌پاشی به میزان 3 میلی‌مولار سیلیکون با بهبود محتوای کلروفیل کل، محتوای کاروتنوئید و محتوای نسبی آب برگ می‌تواند نقش مهمی در افزایش عملکرد دانه به‌ویژه در شرایط تنش آبی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of biochemical traits and relative water content of two bread and durum wheat cultivars to silicon spraying under water stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sodabeh Reza Beighi 1
  • Ehsan Bijanzadeh 2

1 M.Sc. Student, Agroecology Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Agroecology Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of silicon on biochemical traits, leaf relative water content and yield of two bread and durum wheat cultivars under late season water stress conditions, a split factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design was conducted in three replicates during 2017-2018 growing season. Treatments included of water stress in two levels included normal irrigation and water stress at the end of flowering, silicon (Si) spraying at 0, 1, 2, and 3 mM and two wheat cultivars consisted of Chamran as bread wheat and Shabrang as durum wheat. The results showed that the main effects of late seasonal water stress, cultivar and silicon on leaf relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll, carotenoid content and yield were significant. Under water stress conditions, when plants exposed to 3 mM silicon RWC increased 50% compared to no silicon application conditions. Grain protein under water stress conditions and 3 mM silicon was 59.3% higher than no silicon condition. Also, total chlorophyll content and carotenoid content under water stress conditions and application of 3 mM silicon increased 42.5 and 44.9%, respectively. In Chamran cultivar, application of silicon at 3 mM increased total chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, RWC and grain protein 40, 43, 42 and 56.4%, respectively, which caused 19.7% increase in grain yield compared to Shabrang cultivar under water stress conditions. In general, foliar application of 3 mM silicon by improving total chlorophyll content, carotenoid content and RWC can play an important role in increasing yield under water stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • grain protein
  • carotenoid
  • Total chlorophyll
  • Chamran cultivar
  • spike number
  • Biological yield
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