نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی- باغبانی، گروه فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر

2 استادیار باغبانی، گروه مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد برگی سولفات ‌پتاسیم (غلظت‌های صفر، یک ‌و ‌نیم‌ و سه‌ درصد) و کلات‌آهن (غلظت‌های صفر، نیم و یک ‌درصد) بر تشکیل‌ میوه، عملکرد، کیفیت میوه، غلظت عناصر برگ، عملکرد کشمش و تحمل به سرمای پاییزه و زمستانه انگور بیدانه ‌سفید آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در یک باغ تجاری در روستای بهاره ملایر طی سال های 96-1395 اجرا شد. اثر متقابل سولفات‌ پتاسیم و کلات‌آهن بر تشکیل میوه، عملکرد و شاخص‌های کیفی میوه، عملکرد کشمش و تحمل ‌سرمای تاک‌های تیمار شده معنی‌دار شد. بیشترین درصد تشکیل‌ میوه و عملکرد مربوط به تاک‌های تیمار شده با سولفات پتاسیم یک ‌و ‌نیم ‌درصد در ترکیب با کلات ‌آهن نیم ‌درصد بود. غلظت پتاسیم، آهن و منگنز موجود در حبه‌ها با عملکرد میوه در تاک همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری نشان داد. بیشترین غلظت اسید ‌آسکوربیک در تیمار سولفات‌ پتاسیم یک‌ و ‌نیم ‌درصد بود. بیشترین عملکرد کشمش تولیدی در تاک‌های تیمار شده با سولفات پتاسیم یک‌ و ‌نیم ‌درصد در ترکیب با کلات آهن یک‌درصد حاصل شد و کمترین عملکرد کشمش مربوط به تاک‌های شاهد بود. بیشترین تحمل‌سرمای پاییزه با تیمارهای سولفات‌ پتاسیم سه‌ درصد در ترکیب با کلات ‌آهن یک ‌درصد به دست آمد. بیشترین تحمل ‌سرما زمستانه تاک‌ها در تیمار سولفات ‌پتاسیم سه‌ درصد در ترکیب با کلات ‌آهن نیم‌ درصد محقق شد. کمترین تحمل ‌سرمای در بوته‌های شاهد یافت شد. بین تحمل سرما و محتوای پتاسیم همبستگی مثبت و با غلظت منیزیم همبستگی منفی و معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. در مجموع حداکثر عملکرد میوه و کشمش و نیز کیفیت میوه با کاربرد سطح متوسط هر دو کود ولی تحمل ‌سرمای بالاتر جوانه‌های تاک با ترکیب سطوح بالاتر این کودها به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Combination Effect of Potassium and Iron on Fruit Yield and Quality, Raisin and Cold Tolerance of Grapevine

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mehdi Mirbaqeri 1
  • Rouhollah Karimi 2
  • Mousa Rasouli 2

1 Graduated student in MSc. of horticulture-plant production engineering, Department of Landscape, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer

2 Assistant professor in Horticulture, Department of Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Malayer

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of potassium sulfate (K2SO4; 0, 1.5 and 3 percent) and iron chelate (Fe-EDDHA; 0, 0.5 and 1 percent) on fruit set, fruit yield and quality, leaf mineral nutrient content, raisin yield and autumn and winter cold tolerance of ‘Bidaneh-Sefid’ grapevine, a factorial experiment was done based on randomized complete blocks design in a commercial vineyard in Bahareh village of Malayer city during 2016-17. The highest fruit set percentage and yield was achieved in 1.5 percent of K2SO4 in combination with 0.5 percent iron chelate. Berries K, Fe and Mn concentration had a positive and significant correlation with fruit yield per vine. Raisin yield was found to be highest in combined treatments of 1.5 percent K2SO4 and 1 percent Fe-EDDHA and the lowest raisin yield was related to control vines. The highest autumn cold hardiness was recorded in K2SO4 (3%) × Fe-EDDHA (1%) treated vines. However, the highest winter cold tolerance was achieved in K2SO4 (3%) × Fe-EDDHA (0.5%) treated vines. The lowest cold tolerance was observed in control vines. There was a positive and significant correlation between cold tolerance and K content and negative correlation with Mg concentration. Totally, the highest fruit and raisin yields and their desirable qualities were obtained with K2SO4 and Fe-EDDHA at moderate concentration. However, the highest buds cold tolerance was obtained with the combination of these fertilizers at higher doses.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Freezing tolerance
  • Grapevine
  • Nutrition
  • Raisin
  • Soluble sugar
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