Raheleh Ghale Ghafi; Hossein HajiAbaee; Fathieh Nabhani; Salvia Mohammadpour; Zahra Ardanji Kalate Siyahdasht
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irigularis) and rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) on maize under different fertilization conditions as greenhouse research in the Jalin region of Gorgan in 2018 during two separate experiments. The aim of the ...
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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irigularis) and rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) on maize under different fertilization conditions as greenhouse research in the Jalin region of Gorgan in 2018 during two separate experiments. The aim of the first experiment was to compare the conventional soil incubation with seed-coating incubation, and the second experiment was to assess the growth of maize incubated with mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria through seed-coating at three treatment levels of Hoagland nutrient solution (Control, 80 and 100 volumetric percentage of Hoagland solution). In both experiments, at 70 days after seed-coating, one gram of maize roots and soil attached to it were sampled and DNA was extracted from the maize rhizosphere. In the first experiment, there was no significant difference between the conventional soil incubation and seed-coating incubation according to the dry weight of stems and roots, roots’ longitudinal colonization percentage, arboscol abundance, vesicles abundance, and elements concentration. In the second experiment and under full fertilizing conditions, mycorrhizal incubation showed a significant increase in concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc (18.1, 3.5, 56, and 46.0 mg/kg, respectively) compared to the control (12.6, 3.1, 39.6, and 24.4 mg/kg, respectively), and the bacterial incubation showed a significant increase for magnesium, zinc, and manganese (2.0, 42.6, and 145 mg/kg, respectively) compared to the control (1.0, 24.4, and 60 mg/kg, respectively).
Nader Khadem Moghadam Igdelou; Ahmad Golchin; Khadije Farhadi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of Cobalt, Molybdenum, and Nitrogen on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris in soilless culture, a pot experiment was conducted in 2015-16 and in July, at 25˚C and light intensity of 40,000 lux as a factorial based on a CRD with 36 treatments and three replications in the greenhouse ...
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In order to study the effect of Cobalt, Molybdenum, and Nitrogen on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris in soilless culture, a pot experiment was conducted in 2015-16 and in July, at 25˚C and light intensity of 40,000 lux as a factorial based on a CRD with 36 treatments and three replications in the greenhouse of Zanjan University. The test factors consisted of four levels of Nitrogen (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/l), three levels of Molybdenum (0.067, 0.2, and 0.6 mg/l) and, three levels of Cobalt (0.006, 0.06, and 0.3 mg/l). Factor levels were prepared by adding ammonium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, and cobalt chloride to a stock solution. Results of morphological traits showed that the highest pod dry weight was obtained in N100Mo0.6Co0.06 treatment which had a maximum difference of 47.9% with other treatments. The highest dry weight of shoots was obtained from N150Mo0.6Co0.006 treatment and the highest root dry weight was obtained from N150Mo0.6 and N150Co0.3 treatments. Also, the highest number of pods was obtained in N150Mo0.6, N100Co0.3 and Mo0.6Co0.3 treatments with values of 235.2, 266.4, and 220.8 g/pot, respectively. Investigation of physiological traits showed that the highest concentrations of Nitrogen, Molybdenum, and Cobalt were obtained from N200Mo0.6Co0.3, N150Mo0.6Co0.3, and N150Mo0.067Co0.006 treatments, respectively. Overall, it can be stated that the application of N100Mo0.6Co0.06 treatment can positively affect the dry weight of pods, which are economically productive and improve the performance of P. vulgaris (Talash cultivar).
majid moslemi; hamidreza mobasser; nematollah sedaghat; eiman eshghi
Abstract
Optimizing the rate of nitrogen fertilizer application is one of the important management strategies for yield improvement. In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen levels & stress during two years on morphological characteristics & agronomic traits of rice, an experiment was conducted ...
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Optimizing the rate of nitrogen fertilizer application is one of the important management strategies for yield improvement. In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen levels & stress during two years on morphological characteristics & agronomic traits of rice, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with four replications in 2009 & 2010 in a research farm located in Amol. Nitrogen levels at three levels (46, 69, 92 kg N / ha from urea source) as the main factor & sub-factor including four levels of stress or lack of nitrogen consumption (T1 = stress at full clustering stage, T2 = stress at stage the emergence of the initial cluster was T3 = stress at tillering stage and T4 = stress at transplanting stage). The results showed that number of full panicles per panicle, 1000-seed weight, Grain yield and harvest index in 2009 it was more than in 2010. Grain yield in the first year (450.25 g / m2) was higher than the second year (395.1 g / m2). Maximum harvest index was obtained in 2009 with nitrogen stress at full clustering stage. Therefore, the application of 69 kg of nitrogen in installments per hectare can be suggested to produce the highest grain yield.
Alireza Hamdami; Hashem Hadi; Amir Rahimi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different periods of weed control and interference on yield and yield components of fenugreek, an experiment was done with two series of treatments including weed control from emergence to the third true leaf, to the sixth true leaf , to the first flowering branch, ...
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In order to investigate the effect of different periods of weed control and interference on yield and yield components of fenugreek, an experiment was done with two series of treatments including weed control from emergence to the third true leaf, to the sixth true leaf , to the first flowering branch, to the third flowering branch, to flowering, to seed filling and the second series including weed interference up to the third true leaf, up to the sixth true leaf, up to the first flowering branch, up to the third flowering branch, up to the flowering and up to the seed filling at research farm of Urmia university during 2018. The results showed that the interference treatment up to the third true leaf had the lowest weed dry weight. In both series of treatments with increasing the presence period of weeds, a significant decrease was observed in grain yield per plant and per hectare of fenugreek, so that the beginning of the critical period was determined 140 and 158 GDD from plants emergence at two acceptable levels of 5 and 10% reduction of grain yield per hectare, respectively, and the end of the critical period of weed control was established 349 and 282 GDD from the emergence at the two levels of yield reductions, respectively. Therefore, the best time to control weeds was from the third true leaf to flowering and from the four-leaf stage until the appearances of flowers at the levels of 5% and 10% yield reductions, respectively.
Parisa Sheikhzadeh; Gholam Behzad; Nasser Zare; Mitra Rostami
Abstract
To investigate the effects of selenium nanoparticles application on photosynthetic and biochemical characteristics and cold tolerance of oilseed rape, an experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the research farm station of the University of Mohaghegh ...
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To investigate the effects of selenium nanoparticles application on photosynthetic and biochemical characteristics and cold tolerance of oilseed rape, an experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the research farm station of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2018. The treatments consisted of foliar application of selenium nanoparticles (0 as control, 25, and 50 mg L-1) applied at the 8-6 leaves stage. The results showed that selenium nanoparticles application significantly increased the RWC, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activity, winter survival, and grain yields of oilseed rape plants. The highest RWC, Fm, Fv, and Fv/Fm, proline content, and the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes were obtained with foliar application of 50 mg L-1 selenium nanoparticles. It seems that selenium nanoparticles application significantly increased the winter survival of oilseed rape plants by about 7.18 to 8.94 percent, by improving the Fv/Fm, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, and proline content. Foliar application of 25 and 50 mg L-1 selenium nanoparticles caused about 28.10 and 34.19 percent increase in grain yield of oilseed rape as compared to control (no spraying) treatment, respectively. In general, the application of 50 mg L-1 selenium nanoparticles had positive and significant effects on the photosynthetic and biochemical characteristics, which resulted in increased cold tolerance of the oilseed rape plant.
Roya Mousavi; Vida Chalavi; Kamran Ghasemi; Mehdi Hadadinejad
Abstract
To investigate the effect of nitroxin and vermicompost on the qualitative and functional characteristics of blackberry, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in pots. The first factor was the percentage of vermicompost at five levels (0, 10, 20, ...
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To investigate the effect of nitroxin and vermicompost on the qualitative and functional characteristics of blackberry, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in pots. The first factor was the percentage of vermicompost at five levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40) and the second factor was the level of inoculation and non-inoculation with nitroxin (Ni). The results showed that the treatments had a significant effect on the studied traits. The highest fruit weight, number of fruits, and yield was observed in 20% vermicompost. Maximum fruit length (1.62 cm) obtained in 10% vermicompost and nitroxin inoculation. The highest fruit diameter was obtained in 30% vermicompost. Also, in biochemical parameters, the application of 10% vermicompost produced the most soluble solids and flavor index. The highest amount of anthocyanin at 551 and 563 (mg/L fruit juice) was obtained respectably in 20 and 30% vermicompost treatments. Application of nitroxin along with vermicompost yielded 30% of the most vitamin C. In general, the results showed that the application of vermicompost at levels of 20 to 30% has the best effect on the quantitative and qualitative traits of blackberry and nitroxin can reduce the negative effect of high vermicompost and increase the effect of vermicompost on the blackberry plant.
Babak Sepehri; Hami dreza tohidi Moghadam; Farshad Ghooshchi; Meysam Oveysi; Pourang Kasraie
Abstract
Periwinkle herb with the scientific name (Catharanthus roseus) is one of the most important medicinal plants in the world which in addition to haring leaves beautiful flowers and decorative application, it also has different applications in pharmaceutical industries cosmetics and hygienic. This plant, ...
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Periwinkle herb with the scientific name (Catharanthus roseus) is one of the most important medicinal plants in the world which in addition to haring leaves beautiful flowers and decorative application, it also has different applications in pharmaceutical industries cosmetics and hygienic. This plant, in its young leaves has very important alkaloids which called vinblastine and vincristine which has in chemotherapy of different type of cancers (leukemia, breast and lymph nodes) and its roots contain ajmalicine alkaloids that is used in treatment of hypotension. This research was for investigation of the effect of growth regulator and spraying of zinc and magnesium nanoparticles under the conditions of drought stresses on total alkaloids, anthocyanin, total chlorophyll, the weight of wet and dry branches contain alkaloids, and the number of lateral branches periwinkle herb (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.DON) arranged as a factorial pot experiment based on a completely randomized design which took place in greenhouse condition during years 2020 and 2021 in Tehran, Iran. In the study of the effects of drought stress and spraying of zinc and magnesium nanoparticles on all investigated traits (total alkaloid, anthocyanin, total chlorophyll, fresh and dry weight of alkaloid-containing branches, and the number of lateral branches), there was a statistically significant difference in A level of 1% was observed (P≤0.01). But in the interactions effects of drought stresses and growth regulator showed the highest effect on wet branches contain alkaloids (P≤0.01).
zahra ajribzadeh; salim farzaneh; Mahmoud Shomili; Hamid Reza Balouchi; aziz Ker Mullah Chaab; Raouf Seyed Sharifi
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of four types of binders at different levels: carboxymethylcellulose (40, 60 and 80 g/l), arabic gum (50, 100 and 150 g/l), tragacanth (30, 60 and 90 g/l) and starch (45, 60 and 75 g/l) as the first test and four types of nutrients with different levels: ...
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This study was performed to investigate the effect of four types of binders at different levels: carboxymethylcellulose (40, 60 and 80 g/l), arabic gum (50, 100 and 150 g/l), tragacanth (30, 60 and 90 g/l) and starch (45, 60 and 75 g/l) as the first test and four types of nutrients with different levels: humic acid (6, 9 and 12 g/l), filter cake ( 5, 10 and 15 g/kg), superabsorbent (10, 30 and 45 g/kg) and microcombi fertilizer (10, 20 and 30 g/kg) as the second experiment with control in a completely randomized design with 3 replications In 2020, in Khuzestan-Iran sugarcane research station. The results showed that the effect of four types of binder on sugarcane plant characteristics such as germination rate, stem length, stem dry weight and plant moisture content was significant and the most positive effect was observed in starch gum (60 g/l). Also, four nutrients had a significant effect on some characteristics such as germination rate, stem length, stem dry weight and plant moisture content. The most positive effect for characteristics was observed in humic acid (12 g/l). Due to the most positive effect of starch gum, in later studies, this glue can be used as a binder, along with other nutrients and fillers for planting lateral buds of sugarcane stems to produce artificial single-seeded sugarcane seeds.
Ali Hadi Almamouri; Mohsen Ebrahimi; Khalil ZeinaliNejad
Abstract
Objective: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the first grain in the world in terms of its importance and amount of production. The aim of this research is to find the genetic diversity among the spring wheat genotypes.
Methods: In this study, the genetic diversity of 32 spring wheat genotypes cultivated ...
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Objective: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the first grain in the world in terms of its importance and amount of production. The aim of this research is to find the genetic diversity among the spring wheat genotypes.
Methods: In this study, the genetic diversity of 32 spring wheat genotypes cultivated in the Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in the crop year of 1401-1400 was investigated by measuring 12 kernel and flour quality traits.
Results: The results of analysis of principal components illustrated that the first five components explained a total of 89.05 percent of the variation among traits. The cluster analysis divided the studied genotypes into four groups. Based on the obtained results, the cultivars in the first group, all of which were Iranian, had the highest values of grain gluten, flour gluten and flour protein. The second group, which included the genotypes of Iraq, had the highest values in terms of grain moisture and index, and the lowest values in terms of flour protein, falling number, and hectoliter.
Conclusion: The studied spring wheat cultivars showed high genetic diversity in terms of traits. Therefore, suitable parents can be selected based on the desired trait, for crossing between cultivars in future breeding programs.
Zeinab Alipoor; khodayar Hemmati; Khalil Zaynalinezhad; Mohammad Kheyrkhah
Abstract
Objective: Comparison of morphological and phytochemical characteristics of annual and perennial wild and cultivated Kakuti in Razavi, North and South Khorasan provinces.
Methods: In this study, Ziziohora tenuior and Ziziphora clinopodioides was studied in sex region in Razavi, North and South Khorasan ...
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Objective: Comparison of morphological and phytochemical characteristics of annual and perennial wild and cultivated Kakuti in Razavi, North and South Khorasan provinces.
Methods: In this study, Ziziohora tenuior and Ziziphora clinopodioides was studied in sex region in Razavi, North and South Khorasan province in 2021.Plant samples were collected from each region and was planted in pots. The experimental design used in this experiment was a nested design with four replications.Also, by referring to the places where plants were collected in the target areas, all the morphological and phytochemical traits were measured for wildplants.
Results: Based on the results the most percentage of essential oil in annual and perennial kakuti belonging to Qain (0.75%) and Qochan (2.29%) respectively. Also, the percentage of pulgone in the annual kakuti in Bardeskan was higher than other studied cities (77.58%). The highest alphapinene (0.42%) and sabinen (1.31%) percentage of annual kakuti was belonging to Bojnord while of perennial kakuti essence in Qochan (0.89%) and bijnord (1.23%) was more than other cities.
Conclusion: The amount of phenol, flavonoid and antioxidan activity in annual and perennial kakuti under natural conditions and in Sarayan was higher than other treatments. Annual and perennial kakuti belonging to Bojnord had higher wet and dry yields than other ecotypes, while kakuti belonging to Sarayan had superiority in phytochemical characteristics.
adel abdimani; Gholam Ali Akbari; elias soltani; Majid Ghorbani Javid
Abstract
The present study was conducted during the agricultural year 2021-2022 in plots with three repetitions at the research farm of Aboureihan Campus, located in the Pakdasht region of Tehran province. In this study, the light level was controlled at four levels (no shading, light-shade, shade-light and complete ...
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The present study was conducted during the agricultural year 2021-2022 in plots with three repetitions at the research farm of Aboureihan Campus, located in the Pakdasht region of Tehran province. In this study, the light level was controlled at four levels (no shading, light-shade, shade-light and complete shading). The main factor was the light control at these four levels, and the secondary factor was the planting date at three levels (20th of April, 10th of May, and 31th of May). Applying complete shading initially, and then transitioning to shade-light treatment along with planting ginger on the 20th of April, had the most significant impact on increasing all the examined traits, including yield components, yield, and the percentage of essential oil in ginger rhizomes. The two mentioned treatments (complete shading and shade-light) led to an approximately 29% increase in the number of rhizomes in ginger plants compared to both the full light treatment and the light-shading treatment. On the other hand, the highest ginger essential oil percentage (1.76%) was obtained in plants planted on the 20th of April, which did not show a significant difference compared to plants planted on the 10th of May (1.66%) but was approximately 25% higher when compared to the essential oil percentage of plants planted on the 31th of May.Therefore, the overall results demonstrated that implementing shading treatment on the planting date of 20st of April could be a promising method for significantly increasing both the quantitative and qualitative yield of ginger under similar climatic conditions.
mehdi taheri asghari; Seyed Reza Miralizadeh Fard
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of humic acid fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Thymus vulgaris L., a factorial layout has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the ...
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In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of humic acid fertilization and mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Thymus vulgaris L., a factorial layout has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the field of the research farm of Azad University, Takestan Branch during 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 years. Experimental factors included three species of mycorrhiza fungi (control, Glomus mosseae, G.etunicatum and G.intradices) and humic acid fertilizer levels included (control, 150 and 300 mg.lit-1). The results showed that the Interaction effect of humic acid and mycorrhiza on the percentage and yield of essential oil and yield was significant. The highest yield of essential oil was obtained from the treatment of 150 mg of humic acid and the application of mycorrhiza G. mosseae, which showed a difference and increase of 154% with the control. Also, the highest amounts of p-cymene and -terpinene which are the most important essential oil compounds in thyme, were obtained from the treatment of 300 mg of humic acid, which showed an increase of 23 and 11%, respectively, compared to the control. The highest amounts of p-cymene and -terpinene were obtained from the treatment of mycorrhiza G.mosseae, which showed an increase of 21 and 26%, respectively, compared to the control. With the obtained results, it can be said that by providing suitable growth conditions for thyme medicinal plant using humic acid and mycorrhizal, it is possible to influence their performance and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.
Mohammad Hadi Tardasti; Mehdi Madandoust
Abstract
Objective: In order to investigate the feasibility of plant remediation of cadmium nitrate-contaminated plantings with weeds, a factorial research was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in 2021-22.
Methods: The experimental factors included weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Chenopodium ...
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Objective: In order to investigate the feasibility of plant remediation of cadmium nitrate-contaminated plantings with weeds, a factorial research was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in 2021-22.
Methods: The experimental factors included weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Chenopodium album and Amaranthus retroflexus) and the planting substrate factor with cadmium nitrate included zero (control), 25, 50 and 75 mg per soil.
Results: The results showed that with increasing consumption of cadmium nitrate, the amount of cadmium in shoots and roots and biological factor showed an increasing trend. The amount of root cadmium was higher in P.oleracea, but the presence of shoot cadmium in Ch.album and A.retroflexus showed a significant increase compared to P.oleracea. Therefore, in purslane, the transfer of cadmium from the roots to the shoots was probably less than that of Ch.album and A.retroflexus. With the increase of cadmium nitrate, ion leakage showed a growth trend and a relative decrease in leaf water and chlorophyll. On the other hand, the enzyme catalase and ascorbate peroxidase of leaves showed an increasing trend with increasing consumption of cadmium nitrate. Also, the highest activity of antioxidant enzymes was observed in A.retroflexus weeds.
Conclusion: Generally, with the mentioned characteristics, it is possible to consider P.oleracea plant more than the accumulator and Ch.album and A.retroflexus among the accumulators for cadmium metal.
Hamed Narimani; Raouf Seyed Sharif; Fatemeh Aghaei
Abstract
Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nanoparticles (Zn and Si) and putrescine on grain-filling components of wheat under salinity stress.
Methods: An experimental factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was held in the research greenhouse ...
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Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nanoparticles (Zn and Si) and putrescine on grain-filling components of wheat under salinity stress.
Methods: An experimental factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was held in the research greenhouse of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili during 2022. Factors experimental included salinity at four levels (no application of salinity as a control, application of 40, 80 and 120 mM salinity with NaCl), nanoparticle and putrescine foliar application at eight levels (foliar application with water as a control, foliar application of 50 mg.L-1 of Si, foliar application of 1 g.L-1 of Zn, foliar application of 1 mM putrescine, foliar application of Si-Zn, foliar application of Si and putrescine, foliar application of Zn and putrescine, foliar application of Si-Zn and putrescine).
Results: The results showed that the highest grain-filling period and effective grain-filling period were obtained in nanoparticles and putrescine foliar application. This treatment combination under no salinity increased root weight and volume (48.1 and 53.03% respectively), chlorophyll index (45.75%), and grain-filling rate (20%). There was an increase of 45.34, 62.72, 40.5, 36.21 and 37.37%, respectively, in plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, 100 grains weight and grain yield under no salinity and foliar application with nanoparticle and putrescine in compared with no foliar application under 120 mM salinity.
Conclusion: It seems that the foliar application of nanoparticles and putrescine under salinity can increase the yield of wheat by improving root characteristics and grain-filling components.
Mohammad Reza Mansouri Vajari; Ebrahim Zeinali; Afshin Soltani; Benjamin Torabi; Alireza Nehbandani
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted in order to estimate the yield gap of faba bean in the main production areas of this plant in Golestan province, including Gorgan, Ali Abadkatol and Aq Qola cities, and to identify the factors that cause it and determine the contribution of each of them.
Methods: ...
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Objective: The present study was conducted in order to estimate the yield gap of faba bean in the main production areas of this plant in Golestan province, including Gorgan, Ali Abadkatol and Aq Qola cities, and to identify the factors that cause it and determine the contribution of each of them.
Methods: Based on this, the information related to the production management of 445 faba bean farms in Gorgan, Aliabadkatol and Aqqola regions in 1398-1399 and 1399-1400 was collected and the yield gap was estimated using the comparative performance analysis (CPA) method.
Results: The average, maximum, and gap yield of faba bean seeds were 2742, 4000, and 1258 kg per hectare, respectively. Also, based on the results obtained, the most important reasons for the yield gap and the contribution of each of them in creating the yield gap were: planting date 21%, pests 15 percent, the amount of pure nitrogen (N) 14 percent, the number of disc times 14 percent, the amount of seed used 12 percent, diseases 12 percent, waterlogging 5 percent, weeds 3 percent, non-use of working row 2 percent and improper planting depth 1 percent.
Conclusion: In general, by optimizing the management of faba bean production and eliminating the mentioned factors of yield gap, it is possible to increase the yield of faba bean in the regions of Gorgan, Ali Abadkatol and Aq Qala of Golestan province by 46 percent (equal to 1258 kg per hectare) compared to the current amount increased.
tahere jahantigh; Abdolshakoor Raissi; Hossein Piri
Abstract
Objective: This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effect of Biofertilizers on some characteristics of guar in the crop year of 2018-2019 in Iranshahr city.
Methods: The research was carried out in the form of randomized complete block design with 8 treatments and 4 repetitions. ...
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Objective: This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effect of Biofertilizers on some characteristics of guar in the crop year of 2018-2019 in Iranshahr city.
Methods: The research was carried out in the form of randomized complete block design with 8 treatments and 4 repetitions. Treatments include 1- Nitroxin (1 liter per hectare), 2- Mycorrhiza (200 kg per hectare), 3- Azotobacter (1 liter of fertilizer per 100 kg of seeds), 4- Rhizobium (1 liter of fertilizer per hectare), 5- Phosphate Barvar 2 (100 grams per hectare), 6- Phosphate Barvar 3 (100 grams per hectare), 7- Biosulfur (6 kg per hectare) and 8- control.
Results: The effect of fertilizers on most of the investigated characteristics was significant at the probability level of 1%. The effect of the treatments on the percentage of mucilage was significant at the five percent probability level. The highest biological yield (14.66), number of lateral branches (11.78), harvest index (31.79), plant height (166.53 cm), number of seeds per plant (52.47), seed yield (kg 4438/13 ha), seed nitrogen percentage (5.475), seed protein percentage (32.71), ash percentage (0.173), mucilage percentage (25.860) and swelling factor (1.83 ml) under the influence Nitroxin biofertilizer was obtained. The highest number of seeds in pod (5.17) and the weight of one thousand seeds (35.67 gr) were obtained under the effect of biosulfur biofertilizer.
Conclusion: Among the investigated treatments, nitroxin biofertilizer and then biosulfur had a relatively greater effect on most of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the guar plant.
parvin ramak; Vahid Karimian; Vahid Karimian; Mohamad Jafari; Payam Pezeshkpour; Hassan Mahddevar; Ebrahim Sharifi Ashoorabadi
Abstract
Objective: Considering the importance of Mosir as a medicinal-industrial plant, this research was conducted to investigate the different planting and harvesting methods on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the Mosir in Lorestan province.
Methods: Experiment in Aligudarz County in the ...
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Objective: Considering the importance of Mosir as a medicinal-industrial plant, this research was conducted to investigate the different planting and harvesting methods on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the Mosir in Lorestan province.
Methods: Experiment in Aligudarz County in the form of completely randomized block design for three years (2017-2020). The methods of planting; manual and machine and distance of planting; 10 and 15 cm in three cropping years. Also the economic performance of different methods was evaluated.
Results: There was no significant difference in leaf width in the studied treatments, but there was a significant difference in plant height at the level of 1%.The average comparison showed that the wet and dry yield in different treatment have significant differences. The highest yield (847g/m2) was in the second year and the machine method and the lowest yield (636g/m2) was obtained in the third year and the manual planting. The dry matter yield at a planting distance of 10cm (185/633 g/m2) and a planting distance of 15cm (178/611g/m2) and the dry matter yield in the machine planting method (199/91g/m2) and manual planting method (164.33g/m2) obtained.The economic evaluation of the results showed that in the machine cultivation method, the average costs are 19% lower than the manual planting method.
Conclusion: Results showed that Increasing the income and reducing the costs of planting and harvesting Mosir in the machine method. Also, machine planting and harvesting of Mosir had a very high speed compared to manual planting and harvesting of this plant.
Jahanfar Daneshian; farnaz shariati; NADIA SAFAVI FARD
Abstract
Objective: Selection of soybean cultivars that have a higher grain yield in water deficit conditions, reduces the damage to soybean producers.
Methods: The response of soybean genotypes to water deficit stress was investigated in terms of agricultural characteristics and grain yield in Karaj (Iran), ...
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Objective: Selection of soybean cultivars that have a higher grain yield in water deficit conditions, reduces the damage to soybean producers.
Methods: The response of soybean genotypes to water deficit stress was investigated in terms of agricultural characteristics and grain yield in Karaj (Iran), during two years. The experiment was carried out as a split plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications. Therefore, three levels irrigation (irrigation after 50 (control), 100 (mild stress) and 150 mm (severe stress) evaporation from evaporation pan, Class A.) as a main plot and 10 soybean genotypes as a sub-plot.
Results: The results showed that mild and severe stress caused to decreased node number and inter-node compared to control irrigation. In control irrigation, the highest grain yield obtained from Saba (the early cultivar) 2585 kg/ha, with the highest seed number m2. Early genotypes had the highest grain yield in control irrigation, and their grain yield decreased significantly with increasing stress intensity. So that the grain yield of Saba cultivar was reduced in mild and severe stress, 32 and 59%, respectively, compared to control irrigation. In stress conditions, the late genotypes had the highest grain yield and water deficit stress caused to a slight decrease in their grain yield. In mild and severe stress, Williams×A3935 (the late line( had the highest grain yield and protein yield, respectively.
Conclusion: In control irrigation, the Saba cultivar and in stress conditions (mild and severe) Williams×A3935 line is recommended in karaj and similar climates (moderately cold region).
Elham Modiri; Davood Barari Tari; Ebrahim Amiri; Yousef Niknejad; Hormoz Fallah Amoli
Abstract
Objective: In order to simulate yield, leaf area, and nitrogen amount in rice using the ORYZA2000 model under different nitrogen fertilization amounts and splitting, an experiment was carried out at a research farm located in Mazandaran Province (Babol) during 2017-18 based on a factorial in a randomized ...
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Objective: In order to simulate yield, leaf area, and nitrogen amount in rice using the ORYZA2000 model under different nitrogen fertilization amounts and splitting, an experiment was carried out at a research farm located in Mazandaran Province (Babol) during 2017-18 based on a factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
Methods: The factors were amount of nitrogen in four rates (50, 90, 130, and 170 Kg n ha−1, in urea form) and nitrogen splitting were at four levels (T1: 70% basal + 30% in tillering stage; T2: 33.33% basal + 33.33% in tillering stage + 33.33% in panicle initiation stage; T3: 25% basal + 50% in tillering stage + 25% in panicle initiation stage; T4: 25% basal + 25% in tillering stage + 50% in panicle initiation stage).
Results: By RMSEn four, four, nine, and six percent in calibration and five, four, four, and eight percent in validation, the model successfully simulated respectively grain yield, biomass, grain nitrogen, and total nitrogen. The calibration and validation of the model showed that the mean square error for the leaf area index was 0.5 and 0.4, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, the ORYZA2000 model can be used to select the best nitrogen fertilizer management strategy in rice-rich areas of northern Iran.
zahra mohammadzadeh; Raouf Seyed sharif; Salim Farzaneh
Abstract
Objective: Study the effects of Azosperlium and nanoparticles (silicon and zinc) on grain yield and some traits of Triticale under salinity stress, an experimental factorial was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research greenhouse of the University ...
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Objective: Study the effects of Azosperlium and nanoparticles (silicon and zinc) on grain yield and some traits of Triticale under salinity stress, an experimental factorial was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research greenhouse of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2022.
Methods: The experimental factors were included salinity levels (no salinity as control, salinity of 60 and 120 mM) by NaCl, application of Azosperlium (no inoculation as control and seed inoculation with Azosperlium), nanoparticles foliar application (foliar application with water as control, foliar spraying 0.8 g.L-1 nano zinc oxide, 50 mg.L-1 nanosilicon, combined foliar application nanozinc oxide as 0.4 g.L-1 and nano silicon as 25 g.L-1).Results:The application of azospirlium and nanoparticles in 120mM salinity increased proline content (37.46percent), hydrogen peroxide (41.66 percent), malondialdehyde (37.57percent) and the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes (53.86 and 47percent, respectively) in no of salinity and no application of azospirlium and nanoparticles. Application of azospirlium and nanoparticles increased the content of soluble sugar (18.68 percent) and catalase enzyme activity (28percent) in no application of azospirlium and no foliar spraying.No application of azospirlium and nanoparticles under 120 mM salinity increased dry matter remobilization from aerial organs (54.25percent) and the contribution of dry matter remobilization from aerial organs (126.14percent) in the application of azospirlium and nanoparticles under no salinity condition.
Conclusion:It seems that the application of Azosperlium and nanoparticle foliar application can increase grain yield of triticale under salinity stress due to improved biochemical traits.
Farzad Mondani; Amin Yari; Alireza Bagheri; Hamidreza Chaghazardi
Abstract
Objective: Intercropping is one of the most important crop management methods to achieve the goals of sustainable agriculture. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate safflower with lentil intercropping in dryland conditions.
Methods: An experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block ...
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Objective: Intercropping is one of the most important crop management methods to achieve the goals of sustainable agriculture. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate safflower with lentil intercropping in dryland conditions.
Methods: An experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications and five treatments during 2018-2019 at Research Farm of Razi University. The experimental treatments included monoculture of Safflower and Lentil, and three intercropping arrangements (25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 ratios of Safflower and Lentil, respectively). Safflower was main plant and Lentil was considered as an alternative plant. The evaluated traits were leaf area index, radiation absorption, crop growth rate, relative growth ratio, total dry matter, radiation use efficiency, and grain yield.
Results: Results showed that leaf area index and consequently, radiation absorption in intercropping compared to monoculture increased by 6.2% and 48%, respectively. Trend of changes in crop growth rate of safflower in intercropping canopy compared to monoculture did not change, but relative growth ratio showed an increase of 7.7%. Amount of total dry matter and radiation use efficiency in intercropping canopy did not change much compared to monoculture. Grain yield of Safflower was higher in monoculture (2472 kg.ha-1), which was not significantly different from treatments of 75:25 (2294 kg.ha-1) and 50:50 (2107 kg.ha-1) ratio of Safflower and Lentil.
Conclusion: Generally, results showed that intercropping of safflower with lentils was not economically beneficial, however, alternative intercropping patterns with ratios of 25:75 and 50:50 of safflower and lentil were more efficient in terms of investigated traits.
Mohammad Sadat-Hosseini; Naser Askari
Abstract
Objective: The present study was performed to study the effects of MS, WPM, B5 mediums, and benzylaminopurine (BAP) hormones on hyssop proliferation. Furthermore, the effects of different concentrations of IBA and IAA hormones on rooting characteristics were studied. Methods:
Experiments were conducted ...
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Objective: The present study was performed to study the effects of MS, WPM, B5 mediums, and benzylaminopurine (BAP) hormones on hyssop proliferation. Furthermore, the effects of different concentrations of IBA and IAA hormones on rooting characteristics were studied. Methods:
Experiments were conducted with a completely randomized design in the laboratory of tissue culture at the Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Jiroft. To produce sterile seedlings, seeds were collected from mountain regions of Kerman province and planted on MS medium. The single-node explants were cultivated on MS, WPM, and B5 culture media containing benzylaminopurine hormone with a concentration of 0, 1, and 2 mg/L. For rooting induction, the shoots were placed on MS culture medium containing 0.5 and 1 mg/L of indole butyric acid and indole acetic acid. GiaRoots software was employed to analyze the architecture of the obtained roots. Results: Based on the results, the highest proliferation coefficient was obtained in MS culture medium with a concentration of 2 mg/L of benzylaminopurine hormone. In addition, the results of root architecture analysis showed that IBA hormone with a concentration of 1 mg/L demonstrated the most effective treatment for rooting induction. Conclusion: Based on adaptation tests, plants survived with a frequency of 85% when transferred to the greenhouse.
Esmaeil Bakhshandeh; Hemmatollah Pirdashti; Fezzeh Gholitabar Faramarzi; Tayebeh Zholideh Rodposhti; Faezeh Zaefarian
Abstract
Objective: This study performed to evaluate the effect of Rahnella aquatilis and Burkholderia cepacia on yield, yield components and uptake of potassium and zinc elements in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three ...
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Objective: This study performed to evaluate the effect of Rahnella aquatilis and Burkholderia cepacia on yield, yield components and uptake of potassium and zinc elements in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2022. Treatments were two levels of chemical fertilizer (100 and 75% of chemical fertilizer consumption based on the soil test results as optimal and reduced levels of fertilizer, respectively) and four inoculation treatments (separate inoculation of R. aquatilis, B. cepacia, a co-inoculation (R.aquatilis+B.cepacia) and control (non-inoculation)).
Results: Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the optimal and reduced fertilizer levels in all studied traits. The separate inoculation of Raquatilis, B.cepacia and co-inoculation increased the panicle length (from 5.88 to 11.3%), the number of total tillers in hill-1 (from 19.4 to 29.1%), the total number of grains in panicle-1 (from 22.8 to 46.5%), paddy yield (from 22.8 to 44.3%), biological yield (from 20.3 to 33.6%), one-thousand seed weight (from 2.4 to 8.8%), potassium uptake in grain (from 6.0 to 41.4%) and in above-ground biomass (from 38.4 to 65.4%), zinc uptake in grain (from 6.29 to 40.9%) and in above-ground biomass (29.4 to 54.6%) as compared with the control (non-inoculation).
Conclusion: The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in a combined form (as the best inoculation treatment) reduced the chemical fertilizers consumption without a significant reduction in paddy yield, which is indicating the importance of these rhizobacteria for achieving sustainable agricultural goals.
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