نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. رایانامه: m.heydari4066@znu.ac.ir

2 نویسنده مسئول، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران. رایانامه: m.chaichi@areeo.ac.ir

10.22059/jci.2023.350550.2754

چکیده

هدف: پیش‌تیمار بذر ساده ­ترین و در عین حال بهترین روش برای افزایش سرعت جوانه­ زنی بذرهاست.
روش پژوهش: بر این اساس مطالعه ­ای با هدف تأثیر پیش ­تیمار بذرهای ارقام مختلف جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) بر شاخص­های مختلف سبزشدن به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان در سال 1401 اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل پیش ­تیمار بذر با کودهای 1- کود مایع ویژه بذر مال بیوزر، 2- سیفول آمینو زینک، 3- سبزینه، 4- کود بذرمال رویش، 5- اکوبوستر و 6- شاهد (عدم کاربرد کود) به‌عنوان فاکتور اول و ارقام مختلف جو آبی (جلگه، بهمن و آذران) و دیم (آبیدر، قافلان و سهند) به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج حاکی از تأثیر معنی­ دار پیش­ تیمار بذرها بر شاخص­ های مورد ارزیابی در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد بود. بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز (Unit/ml 117/0) و پراکسیداز (Unit/ml 08/85) در گیاهچه ­های حاصل از بذرهای پیش ­تیمار شده با سیفول آمینوزینک به‌دست آمد که به‌ترتیب 72 و 33 درصد بیش‌تر از گیاهچه­ های حاصل از بذرهای شاهد بود. بیش‌ترین شاخص بنیه گیاهچه­ ها مربوط به پیش­ تیمار بذرهای با کود سیفول آمینوزینک (55/26) بود که به ­طور معنی­ داری بیش‌تر از بذرهای شاهد (84/22) و سایر پیش ­تیمارها به‌دست آمد. هم‌چنین درصد سبزشدن بذرهای پیش­ تیمارشده با کود سیفول آمینوزینک به‌طور معنی ­داری (5/3 درصد) بیش‌تر از تیمار شاهد بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: در بین تیمارها کود بذرمال سیفول آمینوزینک و در بین ارقام نیز رقم آبی آذران بیش‌ترین تأثیرگذرای را در شاخص­ های مختلف نشان دادند. با توجه به این‌که پیش ­تیمار بذر روشی آسان و مقرون‌به‌صرفه­ بوده و درعین سادگی و عدم نیاز به دانش فنی پیچیده، به‌آسانی می­تواند توسط کشاورزان اجرا گردد. بنابراین این روش جهت بهبود سبزشدن و استقرار گیاهچه، رشد گیاهچه، افزایش کیفیت و قدرت بذرهای جو توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of the seed priming effect of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties on various germination characteristics

نویسندگان [English]

  • moslem heydari 1
  • Mehrdad Chaichi 2

1 Department of Plant Production & Genetics, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. E-mail: m.heydari4066@znu.ac.ir

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Hamadan Agriculture and Natural Resources, Research and Education Center, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Hamadan, Iran. E-mail: m.chaichi@areeo.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Objective: Seed priming is the simplest and the best method to increase seed germination speed.
Methods: To address this, in a study aimed at the effect of priming of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars on various germination characteristics, in the form of a factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with four replications in the research greenhouse of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hamadan province in 2022. Treatments including priming of seeds with fertilizers 1. Biozar, 2. Seafull amino zinc, 3. Sabzine, 4. Royesh, 5. Ecobooster, and 6. control (no fertilizer application), and different barley cultivars including Jolgeh, Bahman, Azaran, Abidar, Ghaflan, and Sahand.
Results: The results indicated a significant effect of seed priming on the evaluated characteristics compared to the control treatment. The highest enzyme activities of catalase (0.117 Unit/ml) and peroxidase (85.08 Unit/ml) were obtained in seedlings obtained from seeds priming with Seafull amino zinc, which were 72 and 33% more than control treatments, respectively. The highest seedling vigor index was related to the seeds priming with seafull amino zinc fertilizer (26.55), which was significantly higher than the control treatment (22.84) and other treatments. Also, the germination percentage of seeds priming with seafull amino zinc fertilizer was significantly higher (3.5%) than the control.
Conclusion: Considering that seed priming is a cost-effective and easy method and at the same time it is simple and does not require complex technical knowledge, it can be easily implemented by farmers. Therefore, this method is recommended to improve germination, seedling growth, and the quality and strength of barley seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catalase enzyme
  • Germination percentage
  • Germination speed
  • Peroxidase enzyme
  • Seedling establishment
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