نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان. ایران .رایانامه: M.heydari4066@znu.ac.ir

2 نویسنده مسئول، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران. رایانامه: m.chaichi@areeo.ac.ir

10.22059/jci.2023.350066.2750

چکیده

جوانه­زنی یکی از مهم­ترین، حساس­ترین و اصلی­ترین مراحل فنولوژیکی در چرخه زندگی گیاه و یک فرایند کلیدی در سبزشدن گیاهچه است. به این ­منظور مطالعه­ای با هدف تأثیر پرایمینگ بذر بر شاخص­های مختلف سبزشدن در ارقام مختلف گندم (Triticum aestivum) به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان در سال 1401 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل پیش­تیمار بذر با کودهای 1- کود مایع ویژه بذر مال بیوزر، 2- سیفول آمینوزینک، 3- سبزینه، 4- کود بذرمال رویش 5- اکوبوستر و 6- شاهد (عدم کاربرد کود) و ارقام مختلف گندم آبی (پیشگام، زرینه و حیدری) و دیم (صدرا، هشترود و باران) بود. نتایج نشان داد که پیش­تیمار بذرها باعث افزایش طول کلئوپتیل، طول ریشه و ساقه، وزن ریشه و ساقه، درصد و سرعت سبزشدن، شاخص بنیه، فعالیت آنزیم­های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز در گیاهچه­های گندم در مقایسه با شاهد گردید. بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز (Unit/ml 129/0) و پراکسیداز (Unit/ml 58/88) در گیاهچه‌های حاصل از بذرهای پیش­تیمار شده با سیفول آمینوزینک به‌دست آمد که به‌ترتیب 8/65 و 32 درصد بیش‌تر از گیاهچه­های حاصل از بذرهای شاهد بود. با توجه به این‌که پیش­تیمار بذر روشی ساده و مقرون به صرفه­ بوده و درعین سادگی و عدم نیاز به دانش فنی پیچیده، به‌آسانی می­تواند توسط کشاورزان اجرا گردد، بنابراین این روش جهت بهبود سبزشدن، رشد گیاهچه و افزایش کیفیت و قدرت بذرهای گندم توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Seed Priming on Different Indicators of Emergence and Yield of Different Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Heydari 1
  • Mehrdad Chaichi 2

1 Department of Plant Production & Genetics, Agriculture faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. E-mail: M.heydari4066@znu.ac.ir

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Hamadan Agriculture and Natural Resources, Research and Education Center, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Hamadan, Iran. E-mail: m.chaichi@areeo.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Germination is one of the most critical, sensitive, and main phenological stages in the life cycle of a plant and a key process in plant growth. To investigate the effects of seed priming on different germination characteristics of different wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.), a factorial experiment is conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in the research greenhouse of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hamadan Province in 2022. The treatments include priming of seeds with fertilizers 1. Biozar, 2. Seafull amino zinc, 3. Sabzine, 4. Royesh, 5. Ecobooster, and 6. Control (no fertilizer application) and different wheat cultivars include Pishgam, Zarineh, Heydari, Sadra, Hashtrood, and Baran. The results show that seed priming have increased the coleoptile length, root and stem length, root and stem weight, percentage, speed of germination, vigor index, and activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes in wheat seedlings in comparison with the control. The highest enzyme activities of catalase (0.129 Unit/ml) and peroxidase (88.58 Unit/ml) are obtained in seedlings obtained from seeds priming with Seafull amino zinc, being 65.8% and 32% more than the control, respectively. Considering that seed priming is a simple and cost-effective method and at the same time it is simple and does not require complex technical knowledge, it can be easily implemented by farmers. Therefore, this method is recommended to improve germination and seedling growth and increase the quality and strength of wheat seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emergence percentage: Emergence speed
  • Enzyme activity
  • Vigor index
  • wheat
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