نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران. رایانامه: nooshinderakhshan2014@gmail.com

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران. رایانامه: hossein.alaei@vru.ac.ir

3 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران. رایانامه: r.saberi@vru.ac.ir

4 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران. رایانامه: hossein.alaei@vru.ac.ir

5 گروه ژنتیک و تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران. رایانامه: rahimiasg@gmail.com

چکیده

شوری می‏تواند مانع جذب یون‏های معدنی خاک به‌علت اثر منفی یون سدیم و به‌هم‌خوردن تعادل یونی ‏شود، اما استفاده از ترکیبات زیستی تریکودرما می‌تواند سبب بهبود رشد در شرایط تنش شوری ‏شود. به‌منظور بررسی اثر چهار استرین تریکودرما‌ مقاوم به شوری بر شاخص‏های رویشی و جذب عناصر معدنی گیاهچه‏های بادمجان در شرایط تنش آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان در سال زراعی 1396-1395 انجام گرفت. عامل اول شوری در چهار سطح شاهد و غلظت‌های هشت، 12 و 16 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر و عامل دوم در پنج سطح تریکودرما Trichoderma aureoviride (T148-2, T189-4)،T. virens (T145, T133-1) و شاهد ‌بود. نتایج نشان داد که تحت تأثیر تنش شوری کاهش چشم‌گیری در شاخص‌های رویشی مشاهده شد. در بالاترین سطح شوری به‌طور میانگین وزن خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی به‌ترتیب 50 و72 درصد و برای قطر ساقه و ارتفاع گیاهچه کاهش 20 درصدی نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد. ولی مایه‌زنی با تریکودرما این شاخص‌ها را بهبود بخشید که موجب افزایش 6/1 برابری وزن خشک ریشه (T142-8)، 7/2 برابر وزن خشک اندام هوایی (T133-1) و 3/1 برابر ارتفاع گیاهچه (T189-4) نسبت به شاهد شدند. بیش‌ترین افزایش قطر در استرین T142-8 به میزان 38 درصد مشاهده شد. استفاده از تریکودرما منجر به تغییرات معنی‌دار در محتوای قند، سدیم، پتاسیم و کلسیم نیز شد. نتایج نشان داد که استرین‌های تریکودرما می‌توانند عامل زیستی مناسبی جهت افزایش تحمل در سطوح بالای تنش شوری و بهبود شاخص‌های رویشی گیاهچه‌های بادمجان باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Potential of Trichoderma Native Strains In the Alleviation of the Adverse Effects of Salinity on Eggplant Seedlings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nooshin Derakhshan 1
  • Hossein Alaei 2
  • Rohollah Saberi Riseh 3
  • Ebrahim Sedaghati 4
  • Asghar Rahimi 5

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran. E-mail: nooshinderakhshan2014@gmail.com

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran. E-mail: hossein.alaei@vru.ac.ir

3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran. E-mail: r.saberi@vru.ac.ir

4 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran. E-mail: sedaghati@vru.ac.ir

5 Department of Genetic and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran. E-mail: rahimiasg@gmail.com

چکیده [English]

Salinity can prevent the uptake of soil mineral ions due to the negative effect of sodium ions and disturbance of ion balance, but the use of Trichoderma biocompounds improves growth under salinity stress. To investigate the effect of four salinity-resistant Trichoderma strains on growth traits and mineral element uptake of eggplant seedlings under stress conditions, an experiment has been performed in a completely randomized factorial design with three replications in the greenhouse of Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan during 2016-2017. The first factor is salinity in four levels including the control and concentrations of 8, 12, and 16 dS/m and the second factor is Trichoderma as T. aureoviride (T148-2, T189-4) and T. virens (T145, T133-1) as well as the control. The results show that under the influence of salinity, a significant decrease in growth traits takes place. At the highest salinity level, the average dry weight of roots and shoots is 50% and 72%, respectively. For stem diameter and seedling height, a 20% decrease is observed compared to the control. However, inoculation with Trichoderma improves these traits, resulting in a 1.6-fold increase in root dry weight (T142-8), a 2.7-fold increase in shoot dry weight (T133-1), and a 1.3-fold increase in seedling height (T189-4) in comparison to the control. The highest diameter increase could be observed in T142-8 strain by 38%. Using Trichoderma leads to significant changes in sugar, sodium, potassium, and calcium content. The results of this study show that Trichoderma can be a suitable biological agent to increase tolerance at high levels of salinity stress and improve the growth traits of eggplant seedlings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF)
  • Rooting
  • Salinity stress
  • Sodium content
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