نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. رایانامه: m.kh1392@yahoo.com

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. رایانامه: asirousmehr@uoz.ac.ir

3 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. رایانامه: ikhammari@uoz.ac.ir

4 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی سیستان، زابل، ایران. رایانامه: dahmard.1.1@gmail.com

چکیده

کمبود آب یکی از مهم­ترین عوامل محدودکننده تولید در گیاهان زراعی است. پژوهش حاضر در سال 1398 به­منظور بررسی اثر زمان­های مختلف آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی ‌هیومیک‌اسید بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد لوبیای سیاه به‌صورت کرت خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی شهر زهک استان سیستان و بلوچستان اجرا گردید. عامل اصلی سه تیمار آبیاری شامل آبیاری از کاشت تا مرحله برداشت (شاهد)، آبیاری از کاشت تا مرحله گل­دهی و آبیاری از گل­دهی تا برداشت و عامل فرعی شامل محلول‌پاشی چهار غلظت هیومیک‌اسید‌ (صفر، یک، دو و سه در هزار) بود. در سطح آبیاری گل­دهی تا برداشت ارتفاع، عملکرد تر و خشک علوفه، سطح برگ (در مرحله ساقه­دهی و گل­دهی)، رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی، غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر (3/3 درصد)، پتاسیم (6/20 درصد) و کلسیم برگ، عملکرد دانه (2/11 درصد) و زیست­توده (2/60 درصد) کاهش داشته اما مقدار پرولین (8/31 درصد) نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش یافت. هم‌چنین با افزایش سطوح هیومیک‌اسید مقادیر همه صفات مورد بررسی افزایش یافتند. مصرف هیومیک‌اسید بر صفات گیاه لوبیا سیاه در شرایط تنش خشکی اثر مثبت داشت به­طوری‌که غلظت سه در هزار آن باعث کاهش اثرات نامطلوب کم­آبی و بهبود صفات گیاه زراعی لوبیای سیاه شد. به­طور کلی آبیاری کامل و کاربرد سه در هزار هیومیک‌اسید برای تولید لوبیای سیاه مناسب به­نظر می­رسد. پیشنهاد می­گردد که در پژوهش­های آتی کاربرد خاک مصرف هیومیک‌اسید مورد بررسی قرار گیرد تا کارایی روش­های به­کار برده‌شده مقایسه شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Humic Acid Foliar Application on Morphophysiological Characteristics and Yield of Black Bean Plant Under Different Irrigation Regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohamad Keshtegar khajedad 1
  • Alireza Sirousmehr 2
  • Issa Khammari 3
  • Khodadad Dahmardeh 4

1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran. E-mail: m.kh1392@yahoo.com

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran. E-mail: asirousmehr@uoz.ac.ir

3 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran. E-mail: ikhammari@uoz.ac.ir

4 Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Zabol, Iran. E-mail: dahmard.1.1@gmail.com

چکیده [English]

Water deficit is one of the most important limiting factors of production in crops. The present study was conducted in 2019 to investigate the effect of different irrigation times and foliar application of humic acid on morphophysiological traits and yield of black beans as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Zahak Agricultural Research Station in Sistan and Baluchestan Province. The main factor involves three irrigation treatments, including irrigation from planting to harvest, irrigation from planting to flowering, and irrigation from flowering to harvest, and the secondary factor includes foliar application at four levels of humic acid (0, 1, 2, and 3 per thousand). By increasing drought stress levels, plant height and width, fresh and dry forage yield, leaf area (in both stem and flowering stages), photosynthetic pigments, nitrogen, phosphorus (3.39%), potassium (20.6%), calcium of leaf, grain yield (11.27%), and biological yield (60.22%) has decreased, whereas proline content (31.88%) has increased, compared to the control. Also, by increasing humic acid levels, the values ​​of all studied traits has increased. Humic acid has had a positive effect on black bean plant traits under drought stress conditions, so that its concentration of three per thousand reduces the adverse effects of drought stress, increasing the tolerance of black bean crop. In general, complete irrigation and application of three per thousand humic acids for the production of black beans seems appropriate. It is suggested that in future research, soil application of humic acid consumption should be investigated to compare the efficiency of the methods used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biomass yield
  • Forage yield
  • Mineral elements
  • Photosynthetic pigments
  • Proline
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