نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران، رایانامه: m.alashti@pnu.ac.ir

2 گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران، رایانامه: Sh.kazemi@pnu.ac.ir

3 نویسنده مسئول، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، سمنان، ایران، رایانامه: Moghadam.mojde@shahroodut.ac.ir

چکیده

تنش خشکی یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل در کاهش عملکرد و کیفیت بذر کلزا می‎باشد. ارزیابی اثر کاربرد براسینواستروئید بر عملکرد دانه، محتوای روغن و پروفایل اسیدهای چرب ژنوتیپ‎های کلزا تحت تنش خشکی آخر فصل به‌عنوان هدف اصلی مطالعه حاضر در نظر گرفته شد. پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل کرت‎خرد‎شده در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی طی دو سال زراعی (97-1396 و 98-1397) در کرج اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل براسینواستروئید (صفر و 1/0 میکرومولار) و آبیاری (معمول و قطع آبیاری بعد از گلدهی) به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های اصلی و ژنوتیپ‎های کلزا (نفیس، احمدی، اکاپی، نیما و نیلوفر) در کرت‏های فرعی قرار گرفتند. میزان اولئیک‌اسید و ‏ لینولئیک‌اسید در شرایط کاربرد براسینوستروئید به‌ترتیب در شرایط آبیاری کامل 7/0 و 11 درصد و در شرایط قطع آبیاری 1/1 و 4/6 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیش‌تر بود. کاربرد براسینواستروئید در شرایط قطع آبیاری منجر به کاهش 14 درصدی پالمیتیک‏‌اسید نسبت به شاهد گردید. ژنوتیپ اکاپی در شرایط آبیاری به‌ترتیب بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین اروسیک‌اسید و عملکرد دانه را داشت. این در حالی بود که تحت شرایط تنش خشکی بیش‌ترین میزان عملکرد دانه (3/3112 کیلوگرم‎در‎هکتار) و کم‌ترین میزان اروسیک اسید (26/0درصد) مربوط به ژنوتیپ نیلوفر بود. کاربرد براسینواستروئید منجر به بهبود کیفیت اسیدهای چرب گردید و در هر دو شرایط آبیاری ژنوتیپ نیلوفر قابل توصیه ‎است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation the Effect of Brassinosteroid on The Improvement of Oil Quality and Yield of Rapeseed Genotypes under Late-Season Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Rafati Alashti 1
  • Shahryar Kazemi 2
  • Mojdeh Sadat Khayat Moghadam 3

1 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: m.alashti@pnu.ac.ir

2 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: Sh.kazemi@pnu.ac.ir

3 Corresponding Author, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran. E-mail: Moghadam.mojde@shahroodut.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Drought stress is one of the most important factors in reducing yield and seed quality of rapeseed. The present study chiefly tries to evaluate the effect of application of brassinosteroid on seed yield, oil content, oil yield, and fatty acids profile of rapeseed genotypes under late-season water deficit stresseen considered. A factorial split-plot test has been conducted in a randomized complete blocks design for two cultivation years (2017-2019) in Karaj, Iran. Experimental treatments include two levels of brassinosteroid (i.e., 0 (control) and 0.1μmol) and two levels of irrigation (full irrigation (control) and withholding irrigation from flowering stage) as factorial in the main plots, and rapeseed genotypes (Nafis, Ahmadi, Okapi, Nima, and Niloufar) as subplots. The levels of oleic acid and linoleic acid in the conditions of application of brassinosteroids have been 0.7% and 11% in full irrigation conditions and 1.1% and 6.4% in withholding irrigation conditions, respectively, compared to the control on the other hand, the use of brassinosteroids in withholding irrigation conditions reduce palmitic acid by 14% compared to the control. Okapi genotype has had the highest and lowest erucic acid and grain yield in irrigation conditions, respectively. Under drought stress conditions, the highest seed yield (3112.3 kg/ha) and the lowest amount of erucic acid (0.26%) belonged to Niloufar genotype. The use of brassinosteroids in both irrigation treatments improve the quality of fatty acids and Niloufar cultivar is recommended in both irrigation conditions

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Brassinosteroid
  • fatty acid
  • late-season drought stress
  • linolenic acid
  • oil percentage
خیاط مقدم، مژده سادات؛ غلامی، احمد، شیرانی راد، امیرحسین؛ برادران فیروزآبادی، مهدی و عباس‌دخت، حمید (1400 الف). اثر سیلیکات پتاسیم و تنش خشکی آخر فصل بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی کلزا، به‌زراعی کشاورزی، 23 (4)، 776-761. https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2021.306872.2424
خیاط مقدم، مژده سادات؛ غلامی، احمد؛ شیرانی راد، امیرحسین؛ برادران فیروزآبادی، مهدی و عباس‌دخت، حمید (1400 ب). بررسی صفات زراعی ژنوتیپ‎های بهاره کلزا در شرایط تنش خشکی آخر فصل و محلول‏ پاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم. به‌زراعی کشاورزی، 14 (3)، 663-649. https://doi.org/10.22077/escs.2020.2723.1787
 
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