به زراعی کشاورزی

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اعضای هیات تحریریه

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

اخبار و اعلانات

داوران

عضویت و راهنمای پابلونز

دستورالعمل حذف نام داور از روی کامنت ها در برنامه Word

ارزیابی تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کود نیتروژن بر شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکرد دانه کلزای پاییزه (Brassica napus L.) در روش آبیاری قطره‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. رایانامه: b.dolatparast@agri.uok.ac.ir

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. رایانامه: f.hosseinpanahi@uok.ac.ir

3 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. رایانامه: a33@uok.ac.ir

4 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، همدان، ایران. رایانامه: h.mansori@areeo.ac.ir

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت و ارزش آب و استفاده بهینه از نیتروژن در جهت حفظ بهره­وری تولید و کاهش هم‌زمان اثرات منفی زیست‌محیطی، دو آزمایش در سال‌های زراعی 97-1396 و 98-1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان انجام شد. آزمایش‌ها به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سطوح مختلف آبیاری به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی در چهار سطح (25 درصد (W1)، 50 درصد (W2)، 75 درصد (W3) و 100 درصد (W4) نیاز آبی گیاه) و سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در چهار سطح (25 درصد (N1)، 50 درصد (N2)، 75 درصد (N3) و 100 درصد (N4) نیاز نیتروژن گیاه) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تمام صفات موردمطالعه به‌‌جز صفت زمان رسیدن به بیشینه شاخص سطح خورجین تحت تأثیر اثرات اصلی و متقابل آزمایش قرار گرفتند. بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمار شاهد W4N4 (5069 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کم‌ترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمارهای W1N1 وW1N2  به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 880 و 899 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود که نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 6/82 و 2/82 درصد کاهش نشان دادند. عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک تیمارهای W4N3 (4826 و 17589 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و W3N4 (4712 و 17657 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌ترتیب با 25 درصد کاهش در مصرف نیتروژن و 25 درصد کاهش در مصرف آب نسبت به تیمار شاهد (W4N4) به‌عنوان تیمارهای برتر در این پژوهش در راستای ارتقای بهره­وری شناخته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Effect of Different Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Growth Indices and Grain Yield of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) in Drip Irrigation Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrooz Dolatparast 1
  • Farzad Hosseinpanahi 2
  • Adel Siosemardeh 3
  • Hamed Mansory 4

1 Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: b.dolatparast@agri.uok.ac.ir

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: f.hosseinpanahi@uok.ac.ir

3 Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: a33@uok.ac.ir

4 Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Hamedan Province, Hamedan, Iran. E-mail: h.mansori@areeo.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Considering the importance and value of water and optimal use of nitrogen for maintaining production productivity and simultaneously reducing the negative environmental effects, two experiments have been conducted in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 cropping seasons in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan. The experiments are performed as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Experimental treatments include the different levels of irrigation as the main plots (25% (W1), 50% (W2), 75% (W3), and 100% (W4) of crop water requirement) and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer as sub-plots (25% (N1), 50% (N2), 75% (N3), and 100% (N4) based on crop nitrogen requirement). Results show that all the studied traits with the exception of the time of reaching the maximum pod area index are affected by the main and interaction effects. The highest grain yield is obtained in W4N4 treatment (5069 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield in W1N1 and W1N2 treatments at 880 and 899 kg.ha-1, respectively, which has been decreased by 82.6% and 82.2%, compared to the control, respectively. The grain and biological yield of W4N3 (4826 and 17589 kg.ha-1) and W3N4 (4712 and 17657 kg.ha-1) treatments, represent 25% reduction in nitrogen consumption and 25% reduction in water consumption, respectively compared to the control. W4N4 is recognized as the superior treatment in this study for improving productivity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop growth rate
  • Harvest index
  • Leaf area index
  • Oil
  • Pod area index
مراجع
Abaspour, R., & Yazdanpanah, N. (2021). Determining the optimal irrigation interval for canola plant in surface and subsurface drip irrigation methods in Hajiabad region. Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage, 15(2), 444-454. (In Persian).
Abdelraouf, R. E., El-Shawadfy, M. A., Dewedar, O. M., & Hozayn, M. (2021). Improving yield and water productivity of canola under sprinkler irrigation and high frequency of N-fertigation. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 20(1), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2021.143.156.
Afshar, A., Haghighatju, P., Karandish, F., Mohammadrezapour, O., & Kouhestani, S. (2020). The Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Several Main Crops in Jiroft. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 51(8), 2137-2148. (In Persian).
Ahmadi, B., Shirani Rad, AM., & Delkhosh, B. (2014). Evaluation of plant densities on analysis of growth indices in two canola forage (Brassica napus L.). European Journal of Experimental Biology 4(2), 286-294. (In Persian).
Ahmadi, K., Abedzadeh, H. R., Hatami, F., Abdshah, H., & Kazemian, A. (2019). Agricultural Statistics of the 2018-2019 Crop Year, Volume One: Crop Products in Iran. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture Publications, Deputy for Planning and Economy, Information and Communication Technology Center.
Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., & Smith, M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration-Guidelines for computing crop water requirements-FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56. Fao, Rome, 300(9), D05109.
Barthet, V. J. (2016). Canola: Overview. Reference Module in Food Science. Reviewed 8 January 2016. 5p.
Diepenbrock, W. (2000). Yield analysis of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.): a review. Field Crops Research, 67(1), 35-49.
Haghjoo, M., & Bahrani, A. (2015). Evaluating yield variations of corn (single cross 260) at different water regimes and nitrogen rates by using of growth indices. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 9(34(2)), 259-274. (In Persian)
Hajinia, S., & Ahmadvand, G. (2018). Effect of light radiation absorption and its use efficiency in intercropping of soybean and millet under water deficit stress. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 11(44(4)), 721-742. (In Persian)
Hanafi, A., & Hatami, I. (2013). Producing climate map for Kurdistan Province using information technology system. Scientific- Research Quarterly of Geographical Data (SEPEHR), 22(87), 24-28. (In Persian).
Hosseinpanahi, F., Pouramir, F., Koocheki, A., Nassiri, M., & Ghorbani, R. (2011). Evaluation of radiation absorption and use efficiency in replacement series intercropping of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Journal of Agroecology, 3(1), 106-120. Doi: 10.22067/jag.v3i1.9976. (In Persian)
Justes, E., Denoroy, P., Gabrielle, B., & Gosse, G. (2000). Effect of crop nitrogen status and temperature on the radiation use efficiency of winter oilseed rape. European Journal of Agronomy, 13(2), 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1161-0301(00)00072-1
Koenig, R.T., Hammac, W.A., & Pan W.L. (2011). Canola growth, development and fertility. Fact Sheet FS045E. Washington State Univ. Ext.
Kuai, J., Sun, Y., Zuo, Q., Huang, H., Liao, Q., Wu, C., Lu, J., Wu, J., & Zhou, G. (2015). The yield of mechanically harvested rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) can be increased by optimum plant density and row spacing. Scientific Reports, 5. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep18835
Kumari, R., & Kaushal, A. (2014). Drip fertigation in sweet pepper: A review. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 8(4), 144-149.
Leghari, S.J., Wahocho, N.A., Laghari, G.M., HafeezLaghari, A., MustafaBhabhan, G., HussainTalpur, K., & Lashari, A.A. (2016). Role of nitrogen for plant growth and development: A review. Advances in Environmental Biology, 10(9), 209-219.
Li, M., Naeem, M.S., Ali, S., Zhang, L., Liu, L., Ma, N., & Zhang, C. (2017). Leaf senescence, root morphology, and seed yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) at varying plant densities. BioMed Research International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8581072
Limouchi, K., Yarnia, M., Siyadat, S., Rashidi, V., & Guilani, A. (2018). Study of Regression Analysis of Rice Physiological Indices in Different Growth Stages under Khuzestan Condition. Journal of crop bereeding, 10(26), 95-103. https://www.sid.ir/en/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=738360
Maaz, T., Pan, W., & Hammac, W. (2016). Influence of soil nitrogen and water supply on canola nitrogen use efficiency. Agronomy Journal, 108(5), 2099-2109.
Mamnabi, S., Nasrollahzadeh, S., Ghassemi-Golezani, K., & Raei, Y. (2020). Improving yield-related physiological characteristics of spring rapeseed by integrated fertilizer management under water deficit conditions. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 27(3), 797-804.
Moosavi, A. A., Mansouri, S., Zahedifar, M., & Sadikhani, M. R. (2014) Effect of water stress and nickel application on yield components and agronomic characteristics of canola grown on two calcareous soils, Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 60(12), 1747-1764, DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2014.898838
Moqbelihanzaei, N., & Khosropour, M. (2017). Rapeseed Growth and Yield under Water Stress Conditions. Stem Cell, 8(3), 43-45. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732. doi:10.7537/marsscj080317.06.
Nakhjavani moghadam, M., Dehghanisanij, H., Akbari, M., & Sadreghaen, S. (2011). The effects of deficit irrigation on water use efficiency of new early maize variety (cn. ksc.302) using sprinkler system. Journal of water and soil (Agricultural Sciences and Technology), 24(6), 1236-1245. (In Persian)
Noorgholipour, F., Rezaei, H., Mirzashahi, K., Gheibi, M. N., Haghighatnia, H., Ramezanpour, M. R., Arzanesh, M.H., Asadi Rahmani, H., Mirzapour,  M.H., Zamani, S. A., Mohammadi Kia, R., & Tehrani M. M., (2015). Guidenlines for Integrated soil fertility and nutrition management and of canola. Soil and Water Research Institute. Tehran, Sana.
Pan, W. L., McClellan Maaz, T., Hammac, W. A., McCracken, V. A., & Koenig, R. T. (2016). Mitscherlich-modeled, semi-arid canola nitro- gen requirements influenced by soil nitrogen and water. Agronomy Journal, 108, 884-894. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2015.0378
Rahimikhoob, H., Sohrabi, T., & Delshad, M. (2020). Estimation of In-season Basil Nitrogen Requirement Using the Nitrogen Nutrition Index. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 51(8), 2039-2049. doi: 10.22059/ijswr.2020.303135.668624. (In Persian)
Rameeh, V., & Salimi, M. B. (2015). Effect of different nitrogen rates on phenology, plant height, yield components and seed yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Oil Plants Production, 2(1), 1-12. (In Persian)
Rostami Ahmadvandi, H., Kahrizi, D., Ghobadi, R., & Abadi, A. (2021). Camelina, a unique oilseed with high tolerance to drought and cold. Oilseed Plants, 2 (2), 63-73. (In Persian).
Salamati, N., Danaie, A., & Yaaghoobi, V. (2019). Evaluation of drought stress indices in canola under deficit drip irrigation. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 50(6), 1479-1490. doi:10.22059/ijswr.2019.271946.668076. (In Persian)
Sehgal, A., Sita, K., Bhandari, K., Kumar, S., Kumar, J., Vara Prasad, P. V., Siddique, K.H. & Nayyar, H. (2019). Influence of drought and heat stress, applied independently or in combination during seed development, on qualitative and quantitative aspects of seeds of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) genotypes, differing in drought sensitivity. Plant, Cell & Environment, 42(1), 198-211.
Sheikhaliyan, M., Sohrabi, Y., Hossainpanahi, F., & Shirani-rad, A. (2021). Effect of sodium nitroprusside on photosynthetic pigments and grain yield of rapeseed under different irrigation regimes. Journal of Crops Improvement, 23(2), 291-306. doi: 10.22059/jci.2021.299338.2364. (In Persian).
Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Møller, I. M., & Murphy, A. (2015). Plant physiology and development (No. Ed. 6). Sinauer Associates Incorporated.
Thomas, C. L., Alcock, T. D., Graham, N. S., Hayden, R., Matterson, S., Wilson, L., Young, S.D., Dupuy, L.X., White, P.J., Hammond, J.P., & Danku, J.M.C. (2016). Root morphology and seed and leaf ionomic traits in a Brassica napus L. diversity panel show wide phenotypic variation and are characteristic of crop habit. BMC plant biology, 16(1), 1-18.
Yousefi, M., Daneshian, J., Shirani Rad, A., Valadabadi, S., & Sayfzadeh, S. (2018). Yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) influenced by nitrogen rates and irrigation regimes. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Sustainable Production, 28(3), 29-41.
به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 25، شماره 1
فروردین 1402
صفحه 33-49
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار