نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. رایانامه: b.dolatparast@agri.uok.ac.ir

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. رایانامه: f.hosseinpanahi@uok.ac.ir

3 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. رایانامه: a33@uok.ac.ir

4 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، همدان، ایران. رایانامه: h.mansori@areeo.ac.ir

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت و ارزش آب و استفاده بهینه از نیتروژن در جهت حفظ بهره­وری تولید و کاهش هم‌زمان اثرات منفی زیست‌محیطی، دو آزمایش در سال‌های زراعی 97-1396 و 98-1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان انجام شد. آزمایش‌ها به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سطوح مختلف آبیاری به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی در چهار سطح (25 درصد (W1)، 50 درصد (W2)، 75 درصد (W3) و 100 درصد (W4) نیاز آبی گیاه) و سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در چهار سطح (25 درصد (N1)، 50 درصد (N2)، 75 درصد (N3) و 100 درصد (N4) نیاز نیتروژن گیاه) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تمام صفات موردمطالعه به‌‌جز صفت زمان رسیدن به بیشینه شاخص سطح خورجین تحت تأثیر اثرات اصلی و متقابل آزمایش قرار گرفتند. بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمار شاهد W4N4 (5069 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کم‌ترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمارهای W1N1 وW1N2  به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 880 و 899 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود که نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 6/82 و 2/82 درصد کاهش نشان دادند. عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک تیمارهای W4N3 (4826 و 17589 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و W3N4 (4712 و 17657 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌ترتیب با 25 درصد کاهش در مصرف نیتروژن و 25 درصد کاهش در مصرف آب نسبت به تیمار شاهد (W4N4) به‌عنوان تیمارهای برتر در این پژوهش در راستای ارتقای بهره­وری شناخته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Effect of Different Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on Growth Indices and Grain Yield of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) in Drip Irrigation Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrooz Dolatparast 1
  • Farzad Hosseinpanahi 2
  • Adel Siosemardeh 3
  • Hamed Mansory 4

1 Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: b.dolatparast@agri.uok.ac.ir

2 Corresponding Author, Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: f.hosseinpanahi@uok.ac.ir

3 Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. E-mail: a33@uok.ac.ir

4 Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Hamedan Province, Hamedan, Iran. E-mail: h.mansori@areeo.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Considering the importance and value of water and optimal use of nitrogen for maintaining production productivity and simultaneously reducing the negative environmental effects, two experiments have been conducted in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 cropping seasons in the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan. The experiments are performed as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Experimental treatments include the different levels of irrigation as the main plots (25% (W1), 50% (W2), 75% (W3), and 100% (W4) of crop water requirement) and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer as sub-plots (25% (N1), 50% (N2), 75% (N3), and 100% (N4) based on crop nitrogen requirement). Results show that all the studied traits with the exception of the time of reaching the maximum pod area index are affected by the main and interaction effects. The highest grain yield is obtained in W4N4 treatment (5069 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield in W1N1 and W1N2 treatments at 880 and 899 kg.ha-1, respectively, which has been decreased by 82.6% and 82.2%, compared to the control, respectively. The grain and biological yield of W4N3 (4826 and 17589 kg.ha-1) and W3N4 (4712 and 17657 kg.ha-1) treatments, represent 25% reduction in nitrogen consumption and 25% reduction in water consumption, respectively compared to the control. W4N4 is recognized as the superior treatment in this study for improving productivity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop growth rate
  • Harvest index
  • Leaf area index
  • Oil
  • Pod area index
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