نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

3 مربی، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاوزی، دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر، ایرانشهر، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش خشکی بر برخی ویژگی­های مورفولوژیک، عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن دانه ژنوتیپ‌های کنجد، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت­های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر اجرا شد. تیمار تنش خشکی شامل آبیاری معمول (براساس 100 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) و تنش خشکی (براساس 200 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و ارقام کنجد شامل دشتستان2 و 5، یلووایت، جیرفت13‌، توده‌محلی دم‌سیاه و داراب1، به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی سبب کاهش معنی‌دار ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه و تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک، درصد و عملکرد روغن شد. افزایش عملکرد دانه در شرایط آبیاری معمول در مقایسه با شرایط تنش خشکی 67/28 درصد بود. بین ژنوتیپ‌ها، ژنوتیپ‌ داراب1 در مقایسه با سایر ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی در هر دو شرایط آبیاری بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه و روغن را دارا بود. بنابراین این ژنوتیپ‌ برای کشت در ایرانشهر مناسب خواهد بود. نتایج همبستگی نشان داد که عملکرد دانه با تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، عملکرد بیولوژیک و وزن هزاردانه همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری داشت و بیش‌ترین همبستگی مربوط به عملکرد دانه و عملکرد روغن بود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Some Morphological Traits, Yield, Yield Components, and Oil Percentage of Sesame Genotypes under Drought Stress Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fazileh Dahie-Zehi 1
  • Mahmood Ramroudi 2
  • Abdolshakor Raissi 3

1 M.Sc. Student, Agriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Agriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

3 Instructor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Velayat University, Iranshahr, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on some morphological traits, yield, yield components, and oil percentage of sesame genotypes, an experiment has been conducted in form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2018 at the Research Farm of Velayat University, Iranshahr. Drought stress factor includes normal irrigation (based on 100 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan) and drought stress (based on 200 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan) as the main factor, while sesame cultivars, including Dashtestan 2 and 5, Yelovait, Jiroft13, Iandraces of Dom Siah, and Darab1 have been the subfactor. Results show that drought stress significantly reduces plant height, number of branch and capsule per plant, number of seed per capsule and seed, biological yield, and oil yield and percentage. The increase in seed yield under normal irrigation conditions has been 28.67%, compared to drought stress conditions. Among all cultivars, Darab-1 has had the highest seed and oil yield in comparison with other cultivars under both irrigation conditions; therefore, this cultivar will be suitable for cultivation in Iranshahr. The correlation results show that seed yield has had a positive and significant correlation with the number of capsules per plant, number of seed per capsule, biological yield, and 1000-seed weight, with the highest correlation being related to seed and oil yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Harvest index
  • Oilseed
  • Seed yield
  • Water stress
  • Yelovait
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