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بررسی تأثیر سولفات ‎روی و منگنز بر بهبود صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های کلزا تحت شرایط تنش خشکی آخر فصل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: G.khodabin@modares.ac.ir

2 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: tahmaseb@modares.ac.ir

3 مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. رایانامه: a.shiranirad@areeo.ac.ir

4 پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست‌فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران. رایانامه: e.bakhshandeh@sanru.ac.ir

5 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران. رایانامه: moghadam.mojde@shahroodut.ac.ir

6 گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران. ایران. رایانامه: sh.kazemi@pnu.ac.ir

7 گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران. ایران. رایانامه: m.alashti@pnu.ac.ir

8 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: ali.heidarzadeh@modares.ac.ir

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی آخر فصل و محلول‎پاشی سولفات‎روی و منگنز بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد ژنوتیپ‏های کلزا، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل کرت خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی طی دو سال (97-1396 و 98-1397) در مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل آبیاری در دو سطح (آبیاری کامل (شاهد) و قطع آبیاری از مرحله گلدهی) و چهار سطح محلول‌پاشی (شاهد، سولفات‎روی، سولفات‎منگنز و کاربرد ترکیبی آن‌ها با غلظت چهار گرم در لیتر) به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های اصلی و ژنوتیپ‎های کلزا (نیما، KS7 و نیلوفر) در کرت‏های فرعی قرار گرفتند. محلول‌پاشی ترکیبی سولفات‌روی و منگنز در شرایط آبیاری کامل به‌ترتیب موجب افزایش سه و 11 درصدی محتوای روغن دانه و کربوهیدرات محلول برگ نسبت به شاهد شد. از طرف دیگر در شرایط قطع آبیاری، محتوای روغن دانه و میزان پرولین برگ را نسبت به شاهد به‌ترتیب 9 و 2/5 درصد افزایش داد. ژنوتیپ نیلوفر در شرایط آبیاری کامل بیش‌ترین میزان عملکرد دانه (5261 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را دارا بود که نسبت به ژنوتیپ KS7 و نیما، به‌ترتیب،  به میزان 9 و 8/11 درصد بالاتر بود. ژنوتیپ نیما با 3371 کیلوگرم در هکتار در شرایط قطع آبیاری بیش‌ترین عملکرد را داشت. به‌طورکلی، در هر دو تیمار آبیاری، کاربرد محلول‌پاشی هم‌زمان سولفات‌روی و منگنز بر صفات فیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ‎های موردبررسی بیش‌ترین تأثیر را داشت، به‌طوری‌که در آبیاری کامل ژنوتیپ نیلوفر و در شرایط قطع آبیاری ژنوتیپ نیما قابل‌توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Effects of Zinc and Manganese Sulfate on the Improvement of Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Rapeseed Genotypes under Late-Season Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghorban Khodabin 1
  • Zeinolabedin Tahmasebi-Sarvestani 2
  • Amir Hossein Shirani rad 3
  • Esmaeil Bakhshandeh 4
  • Mojdeh Sadat Khayat Moghadam 5
  • Shahryar Kazemi 6
  • mahsa rafati alashti 7
  • ali heidarzadeh 8

1 Corresponding Author, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: G.khodabin@modares.ac.ir

2 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: tahmaseb@modares.ac.ir

3 Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. E-mail: a.shiranirad@areeo.ac.ir

4 Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan and Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran. E-mail: e.bakhshandeh@sanru.ac.ir

5 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran. E-mail: moghadam.mojde@shahroodut.ac.ir

6 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: sh.kazemi@pnu.ac.ir

7 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: m.alashti@pnu.ac.ir

8 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: ali.heidarzadeh@modares.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of late-season drought stress and foliar application of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) on physiological characteristics and yield of rapeseed cultivars, a factorial split-plot test has been conducted in a randomized complete blocks design for two cultivation years (2017-2019) in Karaj, Iran. The experimental treatments include two levels of irrigation (full irrigation (control) and withholding irrigation from flowering stage) and four levels of foliar application (control, ZnSO4, and MnSO4, separately, as well as their combined application) as factorial in the main plots, with rapeseed genotypes (Nima, Niloofar, and KS7) considered as subplots. Combined foliar application of zinc and manganese sulfate under full irrigation conditions increase the content of seed oil and soluble carbohydrates by 3% and 11%, respectively, compared to the control. On the other hand, withholding irrigation from flowering stage increases the percentage of seed oil and leaf proline content, compared to the control by 9% and 5.2%, respectively. Niloofar genotype has had the highest seed yield (5261 kg/ha) under full irrigation conditions, i.e. 9% and 11.8% higher than KS7 and Nima genotypes, respectively. Nima genotype with 3371 kg/ha has had the highest yield in the conditions of withholding irrigation. In general, in both irrigation treatments, simultaneous foliar application of zinc sulfate and manganese has had the greatest impact on the physiological traits of the studied genotypes, thus Niloofar genotype is recommended for full irrigation and Nima genotype for interrupted irrigation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • late-season drought
  • oil percentage
  • proline
  • relative water content
  • stomatal resistance
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