نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

4 استادیار پژوهش، بخش اصلاح و تهیه بذر موسسه تحقیقات برنج، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کیفیت گیاهچه و تراکم کاشت بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و ویژگی‌های بیوشیمیایی برنج رقم طارم محلی در کشت اول و راتون، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1396 در گلخانه و مزرعه تحقیقاتی مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور- معاونت مازندران در آمل اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های دو بار خردشده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به‌اجرا در آمد. تیمار فاصله کاشت عامل اصلی، تعداد بوته در کپه عامل فرعی و نوع گیاهچه عامل فرعی فرعی بودند. بذرهای برنج در جعبه­های نشا در شش تیمار بسترهای متفاوت کشت شد. این بستر­ها شامل خاک با گوگرد و 50 درصد سبوس برنج (S1)، خاک بدون گوگرد با 25 درصد سبوس برنج (S2)، خاک با گوگرد و 25 درصد سبوس برنج (S3)، خاک با گوگرد، تیوباسیلوس و 50 درصد سبوس برنج (S4)، خاک بدون گوگرد با کمپوست چوب و 25 درصد سبوس برنج (S5)، خاک با گوگرد، تیوباسیلوس و 25 درصد سبوس برنج (S6) درصد حجمی بودند. نتایج کشت اصلی نشان داد که بالاترین عملکرد دانه (5043 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (12319 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تیمار خاک بستر با گوگرد با سبوس 50 درصد حاصل شد. تیمار آرایش کاشت در کشت راتون بر تعداد دانه پوک (1/4)، عملکرد دانه (1617 کیلوگرم درهکتار)، تیمار تعداد بوته در کپه بر تعداد پنجه (3/10)، سطح برگ (6/10 سانتی‌مترمربع)، طول خوشه (4/20 سانتی‌متر) و عملکرد دانه (1613 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و تیمار نوع گیاهچه بر تعداد پنجه (4/10)، تفاوت معنی­داری از لحاظ آماری نشان داد. تولید گیاهچه با بستر خاک گوگرد و 50 درصد سبوس برنج بهترین نتایج را در کشت اصلی و راتون نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Seedling Quality and Transplanting Density on Yield, Yield Components, and Biochemical Properties in the Main and Ratoon Culture of Rice

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad ali esmaili 1
  • Hbibollah Ranjebar 2
  • Hemmatollah Pirdashti 3
  • Mortaza Nasiri 4

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

4 Research Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The field experiment has been conducted as a split split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replicaitons at Rice Research Institute of Mazandaran Province, Amol, in 2017. In this experiment, the seeds are sown in seedling box with different six bed treatments. These beds include S1: sulfur bed with 50% rice bran, S2: sulfur-free soil with 25% rice bran, S3: sulfur bed with 25% rice bran, S4: sulfur bed with Thiobacillus and 50% rice bran, S5: sulfur-free bed with wood compost and 25% rice bran, and S6: sulfur bed with Thiobacillus with 25% bran rice. After some measurements, the seedling is transplanted in the main field. In the field, different beds in box, seedling number per hill (3 and 5) and planting space (20×20 cm, 30×14cm) are assigned to the main plot, sub plot, and sub sub plot, respectively. The results of main cultivation show that the highest grain yield (5043 kg.ha-1) and biological yield (12319 kg.ha-1) are obtained from the treatment of bed soil with sulfur with 50% bran. Planting arrangement treatment in ratoon cultivation on number of hollow seeds (4.1), grain yield (1617 kg.ha-1), number of plants per hill treatment on number of tillers (10.3), leaf area (10.6 cm2), panicle length (20.4 cm) and grain yield (1613 kg.ha-1), and seedling type treatment on tiller number (10.4) show a statistically significant difference. Seedling grown in sulfur with 50% rice brain display the best performance in terms of yield and yield components in both main and ratoon cropping.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain yield
  • Organic amendment
  • Pigments
  • planting space
  • Rice
  • Thiobacillus bacteria
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