نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تاکستان، قزوین، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تاکستان، قزوین، ایران.

3 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تاکستان، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر تاریخ کاشت تأخیری بر صفات فنولوژیک، اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد دانه و اسیدهای چرب لینولئیک و لینولنیک هیبریدهای جدید آفتابگردان، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار به‌مدت دو سال زراعی (94-1393 و 95-1394) در مزرعه واقع در بخش دانه­های روغنی مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال بذر کرج اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل سه تاریخ کاشت (به فاصله 15 روز پس از برداشت گیاه پاییزه (گندم) به‌ترتیب اول تیرماه، 15 تیرماه و 30 تیرماه) و هفت هیبرید آفتابگردان (برزگر، فرخ، هایسان 36، قاسم، شمس، آذرگل و هایسان 25) بودند. نتایج آزمایش اثر معنی­دار تاریخ کاشت بر تمامی صفات به‌جز تعداد دانه در طبق و اسید لینولنیک در سطح یک درصد و بر صفات درصد روغن و اسیدلینولئیک در سطح 5 درصد را نشان داد. هیبریدهای موردبررسی نیز در تمامی صفات به‌جز اسیدهای چرب لینولئیک و لینولنیک تفاوت معنی­دار با هم داشتند. دیررس­ترین هیبریدهای آزمایش هیبریدهای برزگر و آذرگل و زودرس­ترین هیبرید فرخ بود. بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه نیز از تاریخ کاشت اول به میزان 2840 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌دست آمد و در شرایط کشت تأخیری عملکرد تا 41 درصد کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Delayed Planting Date on Phenological Traits, Grain Yield, and Some Fatty Acids of New Sunflower Hybrids

نویسندگان [English]

  • alireza moghaddam khamseh 1
  • Saeed Sayfzadeh 2
  • Jahanfar Daneshian 3
  • Hamidreza Zakerin 4
  • alireza valadabadi 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Qazvin, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Qazvin Iran.

3 Professor, Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Qazvin, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the planting date delay on phenological traits, yield components, grain yield, and linoleic and linolenic fatty acids of new sunflower hybrids, an experiment has been conducted as split plot in a randomized, completely block design, with four replicates at the field of oilseed section of seed and plant Improvement during 2014-2016 growing season. The treatments include seven sunflower hybrids (Barzegar, Farrokh, Haysan 36, Qasem, Shams, Azargol, and Haysan 25) on three planting dates (15 days after harvest of autumn (wheat), July 1, July 15, and July 30, respectively). The experimental results show significant effects of planting date on all traits except number of seeds per head and linolenic acid at the level of 1% and on the percentage of oil and linoleic acid at the level of 5%. The studied hybrids are significantly different in all traits except linoleic and linolenic fatty acids. The latest experimental hybrids include Barzegar and Azargol hybrids and the earliest hybrid is Farrokh. The highest grain yield is obtained from the date of the first sowing at the rate of 2840 kg / ha and in the case of delayed sowing the yield is reduced to 41%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cold stress
  • Delayed cultivation
  • Oil seed
  • Percentage of oil
  • Sunflower
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