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کاربرد کود‌ های بیولوژیک و شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌ های مورفولوژیکی، فعالیت آنزیم‌‌های آنتی اکسیدانی و میزان قندهای میوه طالبی رقم احلام در شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعی باغی، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد جهرم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جهرم، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد جهرم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جهرم، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه زراعی باغی، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

5 دانشیار، گروه زراعی باغی، دانشکده کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری و مصرف کود‌‌های بیولوژیک و شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌‌های مورفولوژیکی، فعالیت آنزیم‌‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و میزان قند میوه طالبی رقم احلام، آزمایشی در طول سال زراعی 97-96 به‌صورت کرت‌‌های خردشده فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در اراضی شهرستان خنج اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری 50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و فاکتور فرعی شامل کاربرد کود‌‌های شیمیایی در چهار سطح کود شیمیایی NPK، صفر، 60، 120 و 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کود زیستی نیتروکسین در دو سطح (عدم استفاده کود و مصرف 100 درصد کود) بود. نتایج نشان داد که رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری، تیمار‌‌های کودی و برهم‌کنش آن‌ها بر برخی صفات موردبررسی اثر معنی‌‌دار داشتند. کاربرد تلفیقی کود‌‌های شیمیایی به‌همراه کود زیستی اثر معنی‌‌داری بر تعداد شاخه فرعی، وزن کل بوته طول و قطر شاخه اصلی، مواد جامد محلول (TSS)، میزان قند‌‌های زایلوز و فروکتوز و فعالیت آنزیم‌‌های کاتالاز، سوپراکسیددیسموتاز، پراکسیداز نشان دادند. بیش‌ترین تعداد شاخه فرعی و وزن تر بوته، طول و قطر شاخه در تیمار کود شیمیایی 120 و180 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌همراه استفاده از کود نیتروکسین در شرایط 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به‌دست آمد. کود‌‌های زیستی اثر معنی‌داری بر میزان قند‌‌ها و فعالیت آنزیم‌‌های میوه نداشتند، به‌طوری‌که بیش‌ترین میزان کاتالاز، سوپراکسیددیسموتاز و پراکسیداز در تیمار 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی با 120و 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی بدون استفاده از کود بیولوژیک نیتروکسین به‌دست آمد. در کل می‌‌توان بیان کرد، کاربرد کود‌‌های زیستی اثرات مضر تنش آبی را کاهش دادند و مصرف کودهای شیمیایی به‌همراه کود‌‌های زیستی تأثیر معنی‌‌داری در افزایش صفات موردبررسی داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers on Morphological Characteristics, Antioxidant Enzymes Activity, and Sugar Content of Melon Fruit cv. Ahlam Under Different Irrigation Regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolhamid Zahedian 1
  • Abolhossein Aboutalebi Jahromi 2
  • Abdolrasol Zakerin 3
  • Vahid Abdoosi 4
  • Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand 5

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural Management, College of Agriculture and food industry, Agronomy and Horticulture Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Jahrom branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Jahrom branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Management, College of Agriculture and food industry, Agronomy and Horticulture Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

5 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Management, College of Agriculture and food industry, Agronomy and Horticulture Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of different irrigation regimes, and application of biological and chemical fertilizers on morphological characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity, and sugar content of melon fruit cv. Ahlam, an experimental split-factorial plots has been done in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Khuonj County in 2018-19. The main factor has been irrigation at 3 levels including 50%, 75%, and 100% of water requirement, with the sub-factor including NPK chemical fertilizer at 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg/ha as well as non-application of Nitroxin biofertilizer along with application of 100% of the recommended amount. Results show that different irrigation regimes, different fertilizer treatments, and their interaction have had a significant effect on some of the studied traits. The combined application of chemical fertilizers with biofertilizers show a significant effect on the number of sub-branches, total plant weight, length and diameter of the most branch, total soluble solids (TSS), the quantity of xylose and fructose sugars and activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase enzymes. The highest number of sub-branches and plant fresh weight, branch length and diameter are obtained in the chemical fertilizer treatment of 120, and 180 kg/ha with the utilization of Nitroxin fertilizer under 100% water stress. However, it has been observed that biofertilizers has had no significant effect on sugars and enzyme activity in fruit, so that the very best levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase are obtained within the treatment of 50% of field capacity with 120 and 180 kg/ha of chemical fertilizer without using Nitroxin. In general, it can be concluded that the application of biofertilizers reduce the adverse effects of water stress and the application of chemical fertilizers with biofertilizers hasa significant impact on increasing the studied traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Catalase
  • Deficit irrigation
  • Nitroxin
  • Super oxidase
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دوره 24، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 219-235
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