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دستورالعمل حذف نام داور از روی کامنت ها در برنامه Word

ارزیابی توانایی گیاه سورگوم علوفه‏ای در حذف کادمیم از خاک به‌کمک بیوچار و باکتری‏‏های محرک ‏رشد گیاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران. رایانامه: f.delavarnia@sanru.ac.ir

2 نویسنده مسئول، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران. رایانامه: fa.zaefarian@sanru.ac.ir

3 گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری ایران. رایانامه: r.hasanpour@stu.sanru.ac.ir

4 گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران. رایانامه: h.pirdashti@sanru.ac.ir

چکیده

به‌منظور ارزیابی توانایی گیاه سورگوم علوفه‏ای (Sorghum bicolor L.) در حذف فلز سنگین کادمیم به کمک بیوچار (زغال زیستی) و باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا (Pseudomonas putida) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در تابستان سال 1398 در دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که حضور کادمیم در بستر کشت گیاه سورگوم موجب کاهش وزن خشک ریشه و شاخساره شد. اما افزودن بیوچار و تلقیح سودوموناس پوتیدا به‌طور معنی‏داری موجب افزایش صفات مذکور شد. فاکتور تجمع زیستی ریشه و شاخساره از غلظت 25 تا 100 میلی‏گرم کادمیم در کیلوگرم خاک روند افزایشی داشت، به‌طوری‌که بیش‌ترین فاکتور تجمع زیستی شاخساره (31/2) در غلظت 100 میلی‏گرم کادمیم در کیلوگرم خاک و در تیمار کاربرد هم‏زمان بیوچار و سودوموناس پوتیدا مشاهده شد که نسبت به شاهد 33/28 درصد افزایش معنی‏داری داشته است. هم‌چنین، کمینه فاکتور انتقال گیاه سورگوم (000/1) مربوط به تیمار عدم مصرف بیوچار، عدم تلقیح سودوموناس پوتیدا و بدون آلودگی کادمیم بود که نسبت به شاهد 20 درصد کاهش یافت؛ حال آن‌که بیشینه فاکتور انتقال (94/1) در غلظت 25 میلی‏گرم کادمیم در کیلوگرم خاک و تیمار عدم مصرف بیوچار و عدم تلقیح سودوموناس پوتیدا مشاهده شد. شاخص تحمل گیاه با افزایش غلظت کادمیم کاهش یافت، درحالی‏که استفاده از بیوچار و تلقیح باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا موجب افزایش این شاخص شد، به‌طوری‏که بیش‌ترین شاخص تحمل (22/1) مربوط به تیمار کاربرد تلفیقی بیوچار و باکتری بدون استفاده از کادمیم بود که نسبت به عدم مصرف بیوچار و عدم تلقیح باکتری 22 درصد افزایش یافت. از آنجاکه شاخص تحمل گیاه سورگوم علوفه‏ای در همه غلظت‏های کادمیم بیش‌تر از 60/0 بود، لذا می‏توان این گیاه را در گروه تحمل بالا نسبت به تنش فلز سنگین کادمیم دسته‌بندی کرد و از سورگوم جهت گیاه‌پالایی کادمیم بهره جست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Ability of Forage Sorghum Plant to Remove Cadmium with Biochar and Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Delavarnia 1
  • Faezeh Zaefarian 2
  • roghayeh hasanpour 3
  • Hemmatollah Pirdashti 4

1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and ‎Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.‎ E-mail: f.delavarnia@sanru.ac.ir

2 Corresponding Author, Department‎‏ ‏of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and ‎Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.‎ E-mail: fa.zaefarian@sanru.ac.ir

3 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences ‎and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.‎ E-mail: r.hasanpour@stu.sanru.ac.ir

4 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences ‎and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.‎ E-mail: h.pirdashti@sanru.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the ability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to remediate the heavy metal cadmium with biochar and Pseudomonas putida, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on completely randomized design accomplished in greenhouse conditions with four replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, in the summer of 2019. Results show that the presence of cadmium in the medium of sorghum reduce the dry weight of root and shoot. However, adding biochar and bacterial inoculation significantly increase the mentioned traits. Bioconcentration factor and bioaccumulation factor have increased from 25 to 100 mg of cadmium, when the highest shoot bioaccumulation factor (2.31) is observed at a concentration of 100 mg Cd per kg soil and in the simultaneous application of Biochar and Pseudomonas putida, which is a significant increase of 28.33% compared to the control. The lowest translocation factor of sorghum (1.000) is related to non-application of biochar, non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida and without cadmium contamination, itslef reduced by 20% compared to the control, while the highest translocation factor (1.94) is observed at a concentration of 25 mg of cadmium per kg of soil and treatment of non-application of biochar and non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida. Plant tolerance index has decreased by increasing cadmium concentration, while the use of biochar and inoculation of Pseudomonas putida has increased this index when the highest tolerance index (1.22) is related to the treatment of combined use of biochar and bacteria with no cadmium, increased by 22% compared to non-application of biochar and non-inoculation bacteria. As the tolerance index of forage sorghum in all concentrations of cadmium is more than 0.60, this plant can be classified in the highly-tolerant group to the heavy metal cadmium stress and sorghum could be used for cadmium phytoremediation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry weight
  • Heavy metal
  • Phytoremediation
  • Tolerance index
  • Translocation factor
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