نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، مدیریت جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان آمل، آمل، ایران. رایانامه: sedaghat@pishkar.me

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران. رایانامه: Abbas.biabani@gonbad.ac.ir

3 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران. رایانامه: m.nasiri@areeo.ac.ir

4 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران. رایانامه: a.fallah@areeo.ac.ir

5 مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران. رایانامه: nahidfathi21@yahoo.com

چکیده

آب نقش بسیار مهمی در گیاه  برنج دارد و به‎منظور بررسی اثر روش­های­ آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی عناصر غذایی بر عملکرد برنج، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت­های‌ خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار و دو عامل شامل روش­های آبیاری در سه سطح (غرقابی، تناوبی خشکی و رطوبت و اشباع) در کرت­های اصلی و محلول‌پاشی با عناصر غذایی در شش سطح (شاهد، نیتروژن، نیتروژن+ پتاسیم، نیتروژن+ پتاسیم+ روی، نیتروژن+ پتاسیم+ روی+ بور و نیتروژن+ پتاسیم+ روی+ بور+ مولیبدن) در کرت­های فرعی در سال 1397 در مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران (آمل) روی رقم برنج کشوری اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که از نظر روش آبیاری، کود و برهم‌کنش آن‌ها، عملکرد شلتوک و درصد آمیلوز در سطح احتمال یک درصد و سایر صفات کیفی در سطح احتمال پنج درصد معنی‌دار شد. بیش‌ترین تعداد گلچه در خوشه (73/198)، دانه پر (15/167)، درصد آمیلوز (67/21 درصد) برای آبیاری اشباع حاصل شد. بالاترین عملکرد شلتوک با میانگین 07/6643 کیلوگرم در هکتار در آبیاری اشباع در شرایط محلول‌پاشی با نیتروژن+ پتاسیم و آبیاری تناوبی خشکی و رطوبت در شرایط محلول‌پاشی با نیتروژن+ پتاسیم+ روی با میانگین 13/6163 کیلوگرم در هکتار نسبت به شاهد به‌دست آمد که به‌عنوان تیمار برتر در شرایط مشابه این پژوهش انتخاب شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Irrigation Methods and Nutrient Foliar on Yield, Yield Components, and Quality Characteristics of Rice‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • nematollah sedaghat 1
  • Abbas Biabani 2
  • morteza nasiri 3
  • Allahyar Fallah 4
  • nahid fathi 5

1 Corresponding Author, Agricultural Jihad Management in Amol, Amol, Iran. E-mail: sedaghat@pishkar.me

2 Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran. E-mail: Abbas.biabani@gonbad.ac.ir

3 Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran. E-mail: m.nasiri@areeo.ac.ir

4 Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran. E-mail: a.fallah@areeo.ac.ir

5 Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran. E-mail: nahidfathi21@yahoo.com

چکیده [English]

Water plays a very important role in the rice plant. In order to investigate the effects of irrigation methods and foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield, yield components, and quality of rice, an experiment has been conducted as split plots layouts based on a randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors including three irrigation methods (flooding, alternate wetting, drying, and Saturating) in the main plots as well as foliar spray in six levels (normal water, nitrogen, nitrogen+ potassium, nitrogen+ potassium+ zinc, nitrogen+ potassium+ zinc+ boron and nitrogen+ potassium+ zinc+ boron+ molybdenum) in the sub plots during 2018, in rice research institute, the deputy of Mazandaran (Amol), executed on a national cultivar. Results show that among irrigation method, fertilizer, and their interaction, paddy yield and percentage of amylose have been significantly at (p<0.01) percent with other qualitative traits being significant at (p<0.01) percent. The highest number of floret per panicle (198.73) and full grain (167.15), and percentage of amylose (21.67%) are obtained in saturated irrigation. The highest yield of paddy with an average of 6643.07 kg.ha-1 occurs in saturated irrigation under normal water foliar application and drought and moisture. Irrigation under nitrogen + potassium + zinc foliar irrigation with an average of 6163.13 kg.ha-1 compared to the control is obtained as the superior treatment in similar conditions were selected for this study.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Irrigation methods
  • ط Nutrient foliar
  • Paddy yield
  • Quality characteristics
  • Rice
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