نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و آگرواکولوژی، دانشکده تحصیلات تکمیلی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، ورامین، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و آگرواکولوژی، دانشکده تحصیلات تکمیلی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، ورامین، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه زراعت و آگرواکولوژی، دانشکده تحصیلات تکمیلی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، ورامین، ایران.

چکیده

در این مطالعه تأثیر کود شیمیایی اوره در پنج سطح (صفر، 30، 60، 90 و 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کودهای زیستی نیتروکسین و فسفربارور2 هرکدام در دو سطح تلقیح و شاهد (عدم تلقیح) بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی سنبل‌الطیب نظیر درصد اسید والرنیک، عملکرد اسیدوالرنیک، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک اندام­های هوایی، قطر ریشه، طول ریشه و عرض و طول برگ در سال‌های 99-1395 موردبررسی قرار گرفت. این آزمایش در مزرعه گیاهان دارویی مجتمع کشاورزی هومند آبسرد دماوند مزارع نوین ایرانیان به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی با تأثیر معنی­دار بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی سنبل‌الطیب، باعث کاهش اسید والرنیک شدند، اما با افزایش عملکرد ماده خشک مقدار آن در واحد سطح افزایش یافت. بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین مقدار اسید والرنیک (درصد) به‌ترتیب در شاهد (465/0 درصد) و تیمار کاربرد هم‌زمان کود اوره، نیتروکسین و فسفربارور2 (222/0 درصد) به‌دست آمد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که بیش‌ترین و کم‌ترین وزن خشک ریشه به‌ترتیب در تیمار کاربرد هم‌زمان کود اوره، نیتروکسین و فسفربارور2 (665 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و شاهد (95/214 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌دست آمد. این آزمایش نشان داد که کودهای زیستی با افزایش معنی­دار عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی سنبل‌الطیب، جایگزینی مناسب برای کودهای شیمیایی در بالابردن کیفیت ترکیبات مؤثره آن‌ها محسوب می‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Chemical and Biofertilizers on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Valerian (Valeriana Officinalis L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Heydari-Rahni 1
  • Mohammad Nasri 2
  • Yousef Filizadeh 3
  • Pourang Kasraie 4

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The effects of chemical fertilizer of urea in 5 levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 150 kg ha-1) and biofertilizers in 4 levels (Nitroxin, Phosphate barvar2, mixed of both and control) on quantity and quality yield of valerian are studied during 2016 to 2020. Measured parameters include valernic acid (percent), valernic acid (g ha-1), root dry weight (kg ha-1), shoot dry weight (kg ha-1), root diameter (mm), root length (cm), leaf width (cm), and leaf length (cm). This study is carried out at the Homad-Absard Agricultural Complex in Damavand city, Tehran Province, Iran, as factorial layout based on a randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications. Results show that the biofertilizers have had a significant effect (p≤0.01) on the all quantity and quality parameters studied. Unlike the urea chemical fertilizer at all levels, which have had a negative effect on the yield and amount of valernic acid (percent), bio-fertilizers has increased it. Maximum and minimum amount of valernic acid (percent) are measured in control and 150 kg ha-1 urea, respectively. The highest root dry weight belongs to interaction of Nitroxin+ Phosphate barvar2+150 kg urea (665 kg ha-1) and control (221 kg ha-1) respectively. Results of this experiment show that biofertilizers with positive effects on the parameters are able to replace the chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizer
  • Medicinal plants
  • Plant nutrition
  • Root yield
  • Valerian
  • Valernic Acid
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