نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر برخی الیسیتورهای زیستی و غیرزیستی بر جنبه‌های مورفولوژیکی گیاه دارویی استویا در تیمار با آب شور، مطالعه‌ای به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تکرار در شرایط گلخانه و کشت هیدروپونیک انجام شد. برای حصول اطمینان بیش‌تر، آزمایش برای بار دوم نیز تکرار شد. تیمارهای پژوهش حاضر شامل قارچ‌های اندوفیت جداسازی‌شده از سرخدار (در سه سطح شاهد، TB20، TB2-3)، تیمار محلول‌پاشی با ملاتونین (در سه سطح شاهد، نیم میکرومولار ملاتونین خالص و نیم میکرومولار عصاره Thymus vulgaris) و سه سطح شوری NaCl (بدون شوری، شوری متوسط 80 میلی‌مولار و شوری زیاد 150 میلی‌مولار آب آبیاری) بود. گیاهان آزمایشی از نقطه نظر صفات مورفولوژیکی موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. در هر دو آزمایش نتایج بیانگر اثر مثبت ملاتونین و اندوفیت بر بهبود ویژگی‌های رشدی گیاه (یک تا دو برابر) تحت تنش شوری بود. با این وجود، در شرایط بدون شوری و کاربرد عصاره آویشن و قارچ اندوفیت TB20 بهترین نتیجه رشد مشاهده شد. اکثر صفات هم‌چون ارتفاع، تعداد برگ، وزن تر و خشک برگ در شرایط غیر شور و کاربرد آویشن و قارچ اندوفیت TB20 در بالاترین میزان خود قرار داشته و نسبت به نمونه شاهد افزایش تقریبی یک و نیم برابری داشتند. باتوجه به اثرات مثبت ملاتونین و اندوفیت به‌ویژه TB20، پیشنهاد می‌شود که از عصاره گیاهان حاوی ملاتونین به‌عنوان تیمار حفاظتی در کشت استویا در شرایط شور استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the Growth Behavior of Stevia Affected by Biotic and Abiotic Elicitors in Hydroponic Conditions ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Madeh Ahmadi 1
  • Azim Ghasemnezhad 2
  • Mansour Ghorbanpour 3

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Medicinal plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of some biotic and abiotic elicitors on yield and yield components of stevia plant under different salinity stress, the present study has been perfoemed as a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete design with six replications. It has taken place in a greenhouse under hydroponic and conditions in two consequential experiments. Endophytic fungi isolated from yew (at three levels of control, TB20, TB2-3), foliar treatment with melatonin (at three levels of control, 0.5 μM melatonin tablets, and 0.5 μM Thymus vulgaris extract), and three salinity levels (without salinity, medium salinity 80mM, and high salinity 150mM) have incorporated the present experiments’ treatments. The experimental plants have been investigated based on morphological parameters. In both experiments, results show a positive effect of melatonin and endophytic fungi on characteristics of plant growth’s improvement (one to two times) under salinity stress. Nevertheless, the best growth conditions have been observed in low salinity levels, using thyme extract and TB20 endophytic fungus. Most traits of stevia plant in non-saline conditions along with thyme extract and endophytic fungus TB20 have been at their highest, showing an increase of approximately 1.5 folds, compared to the control. Due to the positive effects of melatonin and endophytes, especially TB20, it is recommended to use melatonin-containing plant extracts as a protective treatment in stevia cultivation in saline conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Medicinal plants
  • Endophytic fungi
  • Yew
  • Growth stimulant
  • Environmental stresses
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