نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف برآورد خلأ عملکرد کلزای آبی در ایران، به‌عنوان اولین قدم برای برنامه‌ریزی به‌منظور افزایش پایدار تولید این گیاه زراعی مهم در سال 98-1396 در آزمایشگاه مدل‏سازی دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان برای دوره زمانی 1378 تا 1393 انجام شد. برای برآورد خلأ عملکرد از روش ارائه‌شده در پروژه اطلس جهانی خلأ عملکرد در جهت شناسایی پهنه‏های اقلیمی و هم‌چنین شناسایی ایستگاه‏های هواشناسی مهم در مناطق تولید کلزا در کشور استفاده شد. عملکـرد واقعی برای کلزای آبی در مناطق اصلی کشت آن در کشور بین 1184 تا 2358 کیلوگرم در هکتار می‌باشد. دامنه عملکرد پتانسیل کلزای آبی 3823 تا 6520 کیلوگرم در هکتار برآورد شد. بالاترین عملکرد پتانسیل در استان‌های همدان و لرستان محاسبه و کم‌ترین آن مربوط به جلگه خوزستان بود. دامنه خلأ عملکرد در اقلیم‌های اصلی کشت آن در کشور 2480 تا 4365 کیلوگرم در هکتار یعنی بین 53 تا 77 درصد خلأ و به‌طور متوسط 3276 کیلوگرم در هکتار معادل 65 درصد خلأ عملکرد برآورد شد. با در نظرگرفتن عملکرد قابل‌حصول به‌عنوان عملکرد هدف، بین 1544 تا 3208 و به‌طور متوسط 2261 کیلوگرم در هکتار عملکرد قابل‌حصول وجود دارد. بزرگ‌بودن خلأ عملکرد، بیان‏گر این است که از ظرفیت تولید گیاهان زراعی در کشور به‌خوبی استفاده نمی‏شود. بررسی دلایل و روش‏های رفع خلأ عملکرد موجود و استفاده از راه‌کارهای مدیریتی کارآمد به‌منظور دستیابی به عملکردهای بالاتر از لحاظ اقتصادی و امنیت غذایی در کشور بسیار دارای اهمیت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining Yield Gap and Potential for Improved Production of Irrigated Canola in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • samaneh rahban 1
  • Benjamin Torabi 2
  • afshin soltani 3
  • Ebrahim Zeinali 2

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The present study tries to estimate the yield gap of irrigated canola in Iran as the first step for planning sustainable improvement of production. It has been performed in the modeling laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2017-2019. The protocol provided by the GYGA project is used for detection of climatic zones as well as major weather stations in canola production regions to estimate the yield gap. The actual yield of the irrigated canola in its major production regions is between 1184 to 2358 kg ha-1. The range of potential yield is estimated between and 3823 and 6520 kg ha-1. The highest potential yields belongs to Hamedan and Lorestan provinces and the lowest value to Khuzestan Plain. The range of the yield gap in its major production regions in the country is 2480 to 4365 kg ha-1, i.e. 53% to 77% of gap and with an average, 3276 kg ha-1 equal to 65% of the gap. With respect to the exploitable yield as the target yield, the exploitable yield is between 1544 and 3208 kg ha-1, with an average of 2261 kg ha-1. The magnitude of this gap indicates that the potentials of canola production in Iran are not exploited properly. Analyzing the reasons and methods of amendment the present yield gap and adoption of efficient management methods to achieve higher yields is crucial with regard to food security and economic.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Actual yield
  • Climatic zones
  • GYGA protocol
  • Potential yield
  • Simulation model
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