نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به­منظور مطالعه پاسخ­های مورفو- فیزیولوژیکی ریزغده‌های سوپرالیت سیب‌زمینی (آگریا) به تیمارهای مختلف پوشش‌دارکردن، به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 98-1397 انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی در چهار سطح شامل پرکننده ریزغده (زئولیت و کوکوپیت)، سوپرفسفات (خاکی و پوششی)، کیتوزان و سوپرجاذب به­همراه تیمار شاهد (بدون پلت) بودند. کاربرد کوکوپیت با سوپر فسفات پوششی منجر به تولید بیش‌ترین میانگین تعداد غده (36/8 عدد در بوته)، عملکرد غده تر و خشک (23/18 و 88/3 تن در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (69/21 تن در هکتار) شد. استفاده از کیتوزان در پلیتینگ ریزغده باعث کاهش فعالیت آنزیم­های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز (به­ترتیب 67/19 و 37/16 درصد) و افزایش فعالیت آنزیم پلی­فنل اکسیداز (80/37 درصد) شد. زئولیت باعث افزایش و کوکوپیت باعث کاهش درصد پروتئین غده در مقایسه با شاهد شد. این افزایش درصد پروتئین با افزایش عملکرد غده منجر به افزایش 23/32 درصدی عملکرد پروتئین در تیمار زئولیت در مقایسه با شاهد شد. استفاده از سوپرفسفات در پوشش ریزغده نیز باعث افزایش درصد پروتئین و از این طریق منجر به بالارفتن 30/30 درصدی عملکردی پروتئین در مقایسه با ریزغده دست‌نخورده شد. در تجزیه به مؤلفه­های اصلی، مؤلفه اول که 35 درصد از تغییرات با آن قابل توجیه بود، شامل صفات عملکرد پروتئین، لیزین و متیونین بود و مؤلفه دوم که 25 درصد از تغییرات با آن قابل توجیه بود صفات محتوی پروتئین، متیونین، لیزین و نیتروژن کل را شامل شد. به­طورکلی، نتایج نشان داد استفاده از سوپرفسفات پوششی و زئولیت به‌همراه سوپرجاذب اثرات افزایشی قابل‌توجهی بر صفات عملکردی و کیفی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of yield, morpho-physiological, and qualitative responses of potato superelite tubers to different seed coatings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sevda Ghasemi Germi 1
  • morteza Barmaki 2
  • salim farzaneh 3
  • Mandana Amiri 4

1 PhD student in Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
This study aims at investigating the morpho-physiological responses of potato superelite mini-tubers to different coating treatments factorial experiment, based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Farm of Mohaghegh Ardabili University between 2018 and 2019. Experimental factors at four levels include mini-tubers filler (zeolite and cocopeat), superphosphate (soil and pellet application), chitosan, and superabsorbent with control treatment (without pelleting). Application of cocopeat with superphosphate leads to the highest average number of tubers per plant (8.36), fresh and dry tuber yield (18.23 and 3.88 tons per hectare), and biological yield (21.69 tons per hectare). The use of chitosan in mini-tuber pelleting decrease the activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes (19.67% and 16.37%, respectively), increasing the activity of polyphenol oxidase (37.80%). Zeolite increase and cocopeat decrease the tuber protein percentage, compared to the control. This increase in protein percentage with increasing tuber yield leads to a 32.23% increase in tuber protein yield in zeolite application, compared to control treatment. The use of superphosphate in mini-tuber pelleting also increase the protein percentage, thus leading to a 30.30% increase in protein yield, compared to control mini-tuber. In principal component analysis (PCA), the first component, with which 35% of the changes could be explained, include the yield of protein, lysine, and methionine, and the second component, with which 25% of the changes could be explained, include the protein, methionine, lysine, and total nitrogen. Finally, the results show that the mini-tuber pelleting by superphosphate, zeolite, and superabsorbent have had significant additive effects on yield and quality traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant activity
  • Chitosan
  • Proline
  • Superphosphate
  • Tuber yield
  • Zeolite
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