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بررسی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پایه‌های هسته‌دار کادامن و GF677 به تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

در این پژوهش آستانه تحمل به خشکی و رابطه بین برخی پاسخ­های بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی دو پایه هسته­دار کادامن و GF677 بررسی گردید. به همین منظور آزمایشی گلدانی در گلخانه به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. نهال­های ریشه­دارشده یک‌ساله این دو پایه با افزودن مقادیر متفاوتی از پلی­اتیلن گلیکول-6000 به محلول غذایی هوگلند در معرض تنش خشکی (1/0- (شاهد)، 6/0-، 1/1- و 6/1- مگاپاسکال) قرار گرفت. افزایش معنی­دار نشت یونی و کاهش محتوای نسبی آب برگ در پایه­های کادامن و GF677 به‌ترتیب در تنش خشکی 6/0- و 1/1- مگاپاسکال اتفاق افتاد. غلظت رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی و عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسیستمII (FV/FM) حساسیت کمتری به تنش داشته و در پایه­های کادامن و GF677 به‌ترتیب در تنش خشکی 1/1- و 6/1- مگاپاسکال دچار کاهش معنی­دار شد. کاهش در فتوسنتز، تعرق، CO2 زیر روزنه­ای و هدایت روزنه­ای در تنش خشکی شدید در پایه کادامن بسیار چشم‌گیر­تر از GF677 بود. در تنش 6/1- مگاپاسکال، پایه GF677 با وجود کاهش قابل­توجه در تعرق، فتوسنتز خود را چندان کاهش نداد، درحالی‌که در پایه کادامن کاهش نسبی در فتوسنتز در تنش 6/1- مگاپاسکال به‌مراتب بیش‌تر از کاهش نسبی تعرق و CO2 زیر روزنه­ای بود و همین منجر به کاهش کارایی نسبی مصرف آب و هدایت مزوفیلی کادامن در مقایسه با GF677 شد. به‌نظر می­رسد کاهش شدید فتوسنتز در پایه کادامن در کنار محدودیت­های روزنه­ای تا حد زیادی ناشی از محدودیت­های غیر روزنه‌ای مانند آسیب به غشای سلولی و کاهش کلروفیل، کاروتنوئید­ها و فلورسانس کلروفیل در این پایه است. یافته­های این پژوهش نشان داد که پایه GF677 تحمل بالاتری به­ تنش خشکی شدید نسبت به کادامن دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of physiological and biochemical responses of Cadaman and GF677 stone fruit rootstocks under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somaye Amraee Tabar 1
  • Ahmad Ershadi 2

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In this study, the drought tolerance threshold and relationships between some biochemical and physiological responses of two stone fruit rootstocks, Cadaman and GF677, have been investigated. For this purpose, a pot experiment has been carried out in a greenhouse using factorial trial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. One-year-old rooted cuttings of two rootstocks are exposed to drought stress (-0.1 (control), -0.6, -1.1, -1.6 MPa) by adding different amounts of polyethylene glycol-6000 to Hoagland nutrient solution. Significant increase in electrolyte leakage and decrease in leaf relative water content of Cadaman and GF677 rootstocks has occurred at -0.6 and -1.1 MPa, respectively. Concentration of photosynthetic pigments and quantum yield of photosystem II (FV/FM) are less affected by drought stress, decreasing significantly in Cadaman and GF677 rootstocks at -1.1 and -1.6 MPa, respectively. Under severe drought stress, photosynthesis, transpiration, intercellular CO2 concentration, and stomatal conductance in Cadaman rootstock decline more considerably, compared to GF677. Moreover, at drought stress of -1.6 MPa, GF677 does not significantly reduce its photosynthesis, despite a substantial decrease in transpiration; however, the relative decrease in photosynthesis of Cadaman at -1.6 MPa has been much greater than the relative decrease in its transpiration and intercellular CO2 concentration, which, in turn, results in a drop in water use efficiency and mesophilic conductance of Cadaman leaves, compared to GF677. It seems that considerable reduction in photosynthesis in Cadaman rootstock, along with stomatal limitations, is largely due to non-stomatal constraints such as loss of cell membrane intact and reduction of chlorophyll, carotenoids and chlorophyll fluorescence. Results show that GF677 rootstock has higher tolerance to severe drought stress, compared to cadaman.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll fluorescence
  • Electrolyte leakage
  • Photosynthesis
  • Relative water content
  • Transpiration
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دوره 23، شماره 4
دی 1400
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