نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

4 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سیستم‌های مختلف خاک‌ورزی و تلفیق کود شیمیایی و دامی بر برخی ویژگی­های آفتابگردان، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زابل در سال زراعی 1398-1397 انجام شد. عامل اصلی سطوح خاک‌ورزی (1- گاوآهن برگردان‌دار و دیسک، 2- پنجه‌غازی و دیسک و 3- دیسک) بود و عامل فرعی شامل شاهد (عدم مصرف کود)، کود شیمیایی دی‌آمونیوم‌فسفات به میزان 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار، کود دامی 25 تن در هکتار+ کود شیمیایی دی‌آمونیوم‌فسفات به میزان 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار، کود دامی 50 تن در هکتار+ کود شیمیایی دی‌‌آمونیوم‌فسفات به میزان 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار، کود دامی 25 تن در هکتار و کود دامی 50 تن در هکتار بود. نتایج نشان داد بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه (5072 کیلوگرم بر هکتار) از تیمار کود دامی 50 تن در هکتار در شرایط خاک‌ورزی با دیسک و درصد روغن (44/44 درصد) از تیمار  کود دامی 50 تن در هکتار در شرایط خاک‌ورزی با پنجه‌غازی و دیسک و بیش‌ترین اولئیک‌اسید (61/51 درصد) از تیمار کود دامی 50 تن در هکتار در شرایط خاک‌ورزی با دیسک به­دست آمد. بیش‌ترین میزان کلروفیل­های a، b و کاروتنوئید (به‌ترتیب 253/1، 45/0 و 04/1 میلی­گرم بر گرم) از کاربرد 100 کیلوگرم دی‌آمونیوم‌فسفات در هکتار در شرایط خاک‌ورزی با دیسک به­دست آمد. به­طورکلی برای افزایش و بهبود ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی آفتابگردان استفاده تیمار کود دامی 50 تن در هکتار در شرایط خاک‌ورزی با دیسک مناسب بود.   

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Combining Chemical Fertilizer and Livestock Manure on Some Agronomic Characteristics and Quality of Sunflower Seed Oil in Different Tillage Systems

نویسندگان [English]

  • siavash aryafar 1
  • Alireza Sirousmehr 2
  • Iesa khammari 3
  • Ahmad ghanbari 4
  • Esmaeil Seyedabadi 4

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

4 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of tillage systems and the combination of chemical fertilizer and livestock manure on some characteristics of sunflower, an experiment has been conducted as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of University of Zabol during 2019. The main factor has been tillage levels (1. moldboard plow and disc, 2. sweep and disc, and 3. disc). The sub-factor include fertilizer levels (no fertilizer application, 100 kg/ha of diammonium phosphate, 25 tons/ha of livestock manure+ 100 kg/ha of diamonium phosphate, 50 tons/ha of livestock manure + 100 kg/ha of diamonium phosphate, 25 tons/ha of livestock manure, and 50 tons/ha of livestock manure). Results show that the highest values belong to the 50 tons/ha of livestock manure in tillage with disk for grain yield (5072 kg/ha), and oil percentage (44.44%), 50 tons/ha of livestock manure in tillage with disc for oleic acid content (51.61%), and 50 tons/ha of livestock manure for linoleic acid content (31.1%). The highest amount of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids (1.253, 0.45, and 1.04 mg/g, respectively) has been obtained from the application of 100 kg/ha of diamonium phosphate in tillage with disc. In general, in order to increase and improve the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower, the application of 50 tons/ha of livestock manure is suitable in disc tillage conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oil percentage
  • Oil seed
  • Organic fertilizer
  • Tillage
  • Yield
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