نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی پاسخ­های فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی سیاه‌دانه تحت غلظت‌های مختلف نانوذره نقره (صفر، 5/2، 5، 10، 20، 40 و 80 میلی­گرم بر لیتر)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تکرار در گلخانه دانشگاه شاهد در سال 1397 انجام شد. صفات رشدی، رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی، آنتوسیانین، محتوای پرولین، گلایسین بتائین، قندهای محلول و نامحلول، ترکیبات فنلی و پارامترهای تبادلات گازی و فلورسانس دستگاه فتوسنتزی در پژوهش حاضر موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار نانوذره نقره در غلظت­های بالا (20، 40 و 80 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) به‌طور معنی‌داری از تولید زیست‌توده و رشد ریشه و ساقه ممانعت کرد و باعث کاهش رنگیزه­های کلروفیل a و b شد، درحالی‌که تیمار نانوذره نقره محتوای کاروتنوئیدها، پرولین، گلایسین بتائین، قندهای محلول، آنتوسیانین و ترکیبات فنلی را نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. با افزایش غلظت نانوذره نقره، نسبت فتوسنتز، نسبت تعرق، هدایت روزنه­ای، ماکسیمم عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسیستمII، ضریب خاموشی فتوشیمیایی و عملکرد کوانتومی مؤثر فتوشیمیایی فتوسیستمII کاهش یافت. بررسی فلورسانس کلروفیل a نشان داد غلظت­های بالای نانوذره نقره باعث ممانعت انتقال انرژی از کمپلکس دریافت­کننده نور به مرکز واکنش، تخریب کمپلکس تجزیه­کننده آب در فتوسیستمII و غیرفعال‌شدن مرکز واکنش فتوسیستمII شد. نتایج کلی نشان داد که تیمار با نانوذره نقره باعث القای مکانیسم بازدارندگی بر فرایند فتوسنتز و در نتیجه، تولید زیست‌توده گیاه سیاه‌دانه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of growth, biochemical parameters, gas exchange capacity and photosystem II performance responses in black cumin plants under silver nanoparticles treatment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Baniebrahimi 1
  • Leila Pishkar 2
  • Alireza Iranbakhsh 3
  • Daryush Talei 4
  • Giti Barzin 2

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the physiological responses of black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) under different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/L AgNPs), a completely randomized design experiment is conducted with 5 replications in the greenhouse of Shahed University in 2018. In the present study, growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanins, proline content, glycine betaine, soluble and insoluble sugars, phenolic compounds and gas exchange, and fluorescence parameters of the photosynthetic apparatus are investigated. The results show that the AgNPs treatments significantly inhibit biomass production and the growth of root and shoot, decreasing the contents of chlorophyll a and b at high concentrations (20, 40 and 80 mg/L), while the AgNPs treatments increase the content of carotenoids, proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugars, anthocyanins, and phenolic compounds, compared to the control. By increasing the concentration of AgNPs, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, the maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, photochemical quenching coefficient, and effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry decline. Measurement of fluorescence show strong evidence of inhibitory effects on energy transfer from light harvesting complexes to reaction centers, the deterioration of the PSII water splitting system and the inactivation of PSII reaction centers at high concentrations of AgNPs. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that AgNPs induce an inhibitory mechanism on photosynthetic processes and biomass of black seed plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Black cumin
  • Chlorophyll fluorescence
  • Compatible solutes
  • Gas exchange
  • Silver nanoparticle
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