نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی و آلی بر کارایی مصرف نور در کشت مخلوط ذرت با لوبیا، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 12 تیمار اجرا شد. کرت‌های اصلی دربرگیرنده سیستم‌های مختلف کودی در چهار سطح شامل 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره، ازتوباکتر، ورمی‌کمپوست، ازتوباکتر+ ورمی‌کمپوست و کرت‌های فرعی دربرگیرنده ترکیب‌های کشت ذرت خالص، لوبیا خالص،50 درصد ذرت+ 50 درصد لوبیاچیتی، 60 درصد ذرت+ 60 درصد لوبیاچیتی و 80 درصد ذرت+ 80 درصد لوبیاچیتی بودند. نتایج نشان داد شاخص سطح برگ، تجمع ماده خشک و کارایی مصرف نور ذرت به‌طور معنی‌داری بالاتر از کشت خالص بود. بیش‌ترین کارایی مصرف نور مربوط به کابرد تلفیقی ازتوباکتر و ورمی‌کمپوست در کشت مخلوط 80 درصد ذرت+ 80 درصد لوبیا چیتی با میانگین 29/2 گرم بر مگاژول بود که نسبت به تیمار 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار کشت خالص، کارایی مصرف نور 63 درصد افزایش یافت. هم‌چنین بالاترین ماده خشک مربوط به  کشت مخلوط 60 درصد ذرت+ 60 درصد لوبیا چیتی به مقدار 1728 گرم بر مترمربع حاصل شد که نسبت به کشت خالص، تجمع ماده خشک را 16 درصد افزایش داد. در مجموع ترکیب توام کود آلی و زیستی در کشت مخلوط توانایی رقابت با کود شیمیایی اوره از لحاظ شاخص‌های مکانیستیک آنالیز رشد گیاه را دارا است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Light Consumption Efficiency in a Mixture of Maize and Beans Cultivation under the Influence of Biologic and Organic Fertilizers

نویسندگان [English]

  • reza fatemi devin 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Bagher Hoseini 2
  • hosani moghadam 3
  • Babak Motasharezadeh 4

1 Former Ph.D. Student, Departmant of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor Departmant of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Assistant Professor respectively, Departmant of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Associate Professor of Soil Science University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect(s) of biologic and organic fertilizers on light consumption efficiency in growing maize-bean mixture, an experiment has been conducted in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments. Main plots, containing different fertilizer systems in four levels, include 30 kg/ha urea, Azotobacter, vermicompost, and Azotobacter + vermicompost, and the subplots contain cultivation compound of pure maize and pure bean being 50% maize + 50% bean, 60% maize + 60% pinto bean, and 80% maize + 80% pinto bean. Results show that leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, and light consumption efficiency of maize have been significantly higher than pure culture. The highest light use efficiency is related to the combined use of Azotobacter and vermicompost in mixed culture of 80% maize + 80% pinto beans with an average of 2.29 g / MJ, which increase light use efficiency by 63%, compared to 30 kg/ha of pure culture. Also, the highest dry matter, related to the mixed culture of 60% maize + 60% pinto beans, belongs to the amount of 1728 g/m2, which increase the dry matter accumulation by 16%, compared to pure culture. In general, the combined composition of organic and biologic fertilizers in intercropping has the ability to compete with urea chemical fertilizer in terms of mechanistic indicators of plant growth analysis.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azotobacter
  • Vermicompost
  • Light absorption efficiency
  • Dry matter accumulation
  • Leaf area index
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