نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور پارامتریابی و ارزیابی مدل APSIM-Wheat برای گندم زمستانه و استفاده از مدل جهت ارزیابی اثرات تغییرات اقلیم بر عملکرد گندم انجام شد. از مدل برای شبیه‌سازی شاخص سطح برگ، ماده خشک و عملکرد گندم زمستانه رقم روشن در سال زراعی 94-1393 در دو منطقه کرج و خمین تحت چهار سطح آبیاری و سه سطح کود نیتروژن استفاده شد. آزمایش‌ها در هر دو منطقه به‌صورت کرت خردشده در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی اجرا شد. عامل آبیاری به‏عنوان کرت اصلی و عامل نیتروژن به‏عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. پارامتریابی مدل براساس داده‌های مشاهداتی حاصل از تیمار آبیاری کامل و نیتروژن 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار در هر دو منطقه انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی مدل نشان داد که مقادیر شبیه‌سازی‌شده تخمین نزدیکی از مقادیر مشاهده شده بودند، به‌طوری‌که RMSE در هر دو منطقه به‌ترتیب برای ماده خشک و عملکرد کم‌تر از 702 و 455 کیلوگرم در هکتار و هم‌چنین برای شاخص سطح برگ کم‌تر از 56/0 بودند. RMSE نرمال‌شده در مجموع حالت‌های کم‌تر از 8/17 درصد و شاخص توافق ویلموت بالاتر از 82/0 بودند. ارزیابی مدل، کارایی بالا و امکان استفاده از آن در سایر مطالعات را نشان داد. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل تغییرات اقلیمی نشان داد که افزایش دما از صفر تا پنج درجه‌ سانتی‌گراد موجب حداکثر 75 درصد کاهش و افزایش غلظت دی‌اکسید‌کربن موجب حداکثر 24 درصد افزایش عملکرد دانه شده و در صورت افزایش بیش از سه درجه‌ سانتی‌گراد دما در تمامی غلظت‌های ممکن دی‌اکسیدکربن، عملکرد دانه کاهش خواهد یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Parameterization and evaluation of APSIM-Wheat model for winter wheat : Application of model under climate change

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Keshavarz Mehr 1
  • Hosein Moghaddam 2
  • Mostafa Oveisi 3
  • Javad Bazrafshan 4

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The present research has been conducted to parameterize and evaluate the APSIM-Wheat model for winter wheat and to use the model for evaluation of climate change effects on grain yield. The model is used to simulate leaf area index, dry matter, and grain yield of Roshan cultivar winter wheat in Karaj and Khomein regions between 2014 and 2015, under four irrigation regimes and three levels of nitrogen fertilizers. The experiments have been conducted in both regions as split-plot in a randomized complete block design. Irrigation is considered as main plot and nitrogen as a sub-plot. Model parameterization is based on observational data from full irrigation and 200 kg/ha nitrogen treatment in both regions. Results from the model evaluation show that the simulated values closely predict the observed values so that the RMSE in both regions is less than 670 and 450 kg/ha for biomass and yield, respectively, being below 0.56 for leaf area index as well. Normalized RMSE in all treatments has been below 17.8%, with Wilmot's index being above 0.82. The evaluation of model shows high performance and its possible use in other studies. Results from climate change analysis show that increasing the temperature from 0 to 5 °C leads to a maximum reduction of 75% in grain yield and an increase in carbon dioxide concentration, resulting in a maximum increase of 24% and, if the temperature increase exceeds three degrees Celsius, the grain yield will decrease in all possible concentrations of carbon dioxide.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crop growth model
  • Model performance
  • Process-based model
  • Simulation
  • Temperature increase
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