نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد آگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گلستان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گلستان، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گلستان، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر رقم نخودفرنگی و نسبت‌های کشت مخلوط جایگزینی و افزایشی بر عملکرد و شاخص‌های رقابت نخودفرنگی، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 96-1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه گنبدکاووس اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش، نسبت‌های کشت مخلوط در نه سطح شامل کشت خالص نخودفرنگی، کشت خالص اسفناج، کشت مخلوط سری جایگزین 33، 50 و 67 درصد اسفناج به‌جای نخودفرنگی و کشت مخلوط سری افزایشی 33، 50، 67 و 100 درصد اسفناج به نخودفرنگی و ارقام نخودفرنگی شمشیری و پفکی بودند. ‎عملکرد کل در تیمارهای کشت مخلوط سری افزایشی بیش از تیمارهای کشت مخلوط سری جایگزین و کشت خالص نخودفرنگی و اسفناج بود. نسبت برابری زمین و ضریب نسبی تراکم در تیمارهای کشت مخلوط سری افزایشی بیش از تیمارهای کشت مخلوط سری جایگزین بود. این نسبت در همه تیمارهای کشت مخلوط بیش از یک بود. بیش‌ترین نسبت برابری زمین برابر 333/1 به تیمار کشت مخلوط سری افزایشی 100 درصد نخودفرنگی+ 100 درصد اسفناج تعلق داشت. در تیمارهای کشت مخلوط سری جایگزین، نخودفرنگی گیاه غالب و در تیمارهای کشت مخلوط سری افزایشی اسفناج گیاه غالب بود. در هیچ‌کدام از تیمارهای کشت مخلوط کاهش عملکرد واقعی مشاهده نشد. بیش‌ترین شاخص بهره‎وری سیستم مربوط به تیمار سری افزایشی 100 درصد نخودفرنگی+ 100 درصد اسفناج با 3045 بود. درمجموع، نسبت برابری زمین بالای یک و مثبت‌بودن شاخص بهره‎وری سیستم بیان‌گر سودمندبودن کشت مخلوط نخودفرنگی و اسفناج به‌ویژه سری افزایشی 100 درصد نخودفرنگی+ 100 درصد اسفناج بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of pea cultivar and replacement and additive intercropping ratios of pea and spinach on yield and competition indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Salehi Sheikhi 1
  • Ali Nakhzari Moghaddam 2
  • ali Rahemi karizaki 2
  • Majid Mohamad Eamaeili 3

1 M.Sc. of Agroecology, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Golestan, Iran.

2 Assistant professor, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar as well as replacement and additive intercropping ratios of pea and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) on yield and competition indices, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Gonbad Kavous University research field during 2016-2017. Intercropping ratios at nine levels consisted of pure pea, pure spinach, 33%, 50%, and 67% spinach instead of pea, addition series of 33%, 50%, 67%, and 100% spinach to pea. Also, pea cultivars have been Shamshiri and Pofaki. Land equivalent ratio and relative crowding coefficient in additive treatments have been more than replacement treatments, above one in all treatments. The highest land equivalent ratio with 1.333 has been observed in 100% pea + 100% spinach. In replacement series, pea has been the dominant plant, while in additive series spinach has dominated. No actual yield loss is observed in all treatments. The highest system productivity index has been related to 100% pea + 100% spinach with 3045. Overall, the land equivalent ratio of more than one and positive system productivity index of especial treatment, equal to 100% pea + 100% spinach indicate the benefit of pea and spinach intercropping.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Actual yield loss
  • Aggressivity
  • Equivalent yield
  • Land equivalent ratio
  • System productivity index
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