نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

به­­منظور بررسی امکان افزایش عملکرد دانه و درصد روغن­ گلرنگ با کاربرد سیتوکنین، پژوهشی به‌صورت طرح اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در سال‌های زراعی 1397-1396 و 1398-1397 اجرا شد. در این پژوهش سطوح آبیاری شامل آبیاری مطلوب و تنش خشکی در کرت­های اصلی و ارقام گلرنگ شامل سینا، فرامان، پرنیان، گلدشت و محلی اصفهان و سه سطح سیتوکنین (6-بنزیل آمینوپورین)، شامل عدم مصرف (شاهد)، 50 و 75 میکرومولار به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. در مرحله گلدهی، هم‌زمان با اعمال تنش خشکی بوته­های گلرنگ با سیتوکنین محلول­پاشی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث کاهش اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد زیست‌توده، شاخص برداشت، درصد روغن و عملکرد روغن شد و کاربرد سیتوکینین باعث به حداقل‌رساندن اثرات منفی تنش خشکی و افزایش در صفات فوق گردید. بالاترین عملکرد دانه با کاربرد 75 میکرومولار با افزایش 7/30 درصدی نسبت به ‌شاهد به‌دست آمد. رقم محلی اصفهان در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب با میانگین 09/36 درصد نسبت به ارقام دیگر دارای بیش‌ترین درصد روغن بود. بنابراین کاربرد سیتوکنین را می­توان به‌عنوان راه­کاری جهت کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی و افزایش عملکرد دانه و درصد روغن گلرنگ در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و تنش خشکی پیشنهاد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effects of 6-Benzyl Aminopurine application on safflower cultivars production under drought stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leyli Golchin 1
  • Afshin Tavakoli 2
  • Ehsan Mohseni Fard 3

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the increment possibility of safflower seed yield and oil percentage through the application of cytokinin, a split factorial experiment has been conducted based on randomized complete block design with four replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan, during the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 cropping seasons. In this experiment, irrigation levels include optimal irrigation and drought stress to main plots and safflower cultivars, namely Sina, Faraman, Parnyan, Gholdasht, and Mahaly Esfahan, and three levels of cytokinin (6-Benzyl Aminopurine), including non-application (control), 50, and 75 μM,  have been allocated to subplots as factorial. At the flowering stage, simultaneous with applying drought stress, safflower plants havee been sprayed with 6-Benzyl Aminopurine. Results show that drought stress has decreased yield components, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, oil percentage, and oil yield and the application of cytokinin minimizes the negative impacts of drought stress, while boosting the above traits. The highest seed yield has been obtained from applying 75 μM of cytokinin, with an increase of 30.7% compared to the control. Also, among the studied cultivars, the Mahaly Esfahan cultivar under optimal irrigation with an average of 36.09% shows a higher oil percentage, compared to other cultivars. Therefore, the use of cytokinin can be suggested as a solution to decrease the negative effects of drought stress and enhance seed yield and oil percentage of safflower under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • Cytokinin
  • Harvest index
  • Oil percentage
  • Yield components
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