نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر لجن­فاضلاب شهری و باکتری­های ازتوباکتر و آزوسپریلیوم بر برخی شاخص­های نیتروژن و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب کلزا، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، طی سال­های زراعی 96-1395 و 97- 1396 در اراضی شرکت آب و فاضلاب جنوب استان تهران اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل تلقیح بذر کلزا (بدون تلقیح، تلقیح با ازتوباکتر، تلقیح با آزوسپریلیوم) و استفاده از لجن­فاضلاب آبگیری‌شده شهری (شاهد، کود شیمیایی نیتروژن، ١٠ ،٢٠ و٣٠ تن لجن­فاضلاب در هکتار) بود. نتایج نشان داد اثر برهم کنش تیمار­های تلقیح و لجن­فاضلاب بر اسید­های چرب ایکوزانوئیک، پالمیتیک و آراشیدونیک در سطح یک درصد و اسید استئاریک در سطح پنج درصد معنی­دار شد. تیمار ازتوباکتر و 30 تن لجن­فاضلاب (2680 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه را به‌خود اختصاص داد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد (2170 کیلوگرم بر هکتار) 5/23 درصد افزایش عملکرد داشت. بیش‌ترین مقدار اسید اولئیک و لینولئیک از تیمار 30 تن لجن­فاضلاب به‌ترتیب با مقادیر 23/61 و 41/18 درصد به‌دست آمد. کارایی جذب نیتروژن در تیمار توصیه کودی همراه با ازتوباکتر (79/16 درصد) دارای بیش‌ترین مقدار بود. اثر متقابل تیمار­های تلقیح و لجن‌فاضلاب بر هر دو صفت کارایی مصرف و کارایی بهره­وری (زراعی) بر حسب زیست‌توده و عملکرد دانه در سطح یک درصد معنی­دار شد. نتایج بیان‌گر این است که استفاده از کود نیتروژنه به مقدار مناسب و در اختیار قراردادن به‌موقع آن به‌همراه تلقیح، توانست اثر بیش‌تری بر شاخص کارایی بهره‌وری (زراعی) داشته باشد. می‌توان گفت با استفاده محاسبه‌شده از لجن­فاضلاب، البته با در نظرگرفتن احتیاط­های مورد لزوم، می‌توان جایگزین خوبی برای کود­های نیتروژنه قرار داد.   

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Municipal Sewage Sludge, Azotobacter, and Azospirillum Application on Some Fatty Acids and Nitrogen Indices in Canola

نویسنده [English]

  • mehdi taheri asghari

Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of municipal sewage sludge, Azotobacter, and Azospirillum on some nitrogen indices and fatty acid composition of Canola, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the field of South Tehran Water and Wastewater Company during 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. The experiment is a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors include canola seed inoculation in three levels (without inoculation, inoculation with azotobacter, and inoculation with azospirillum) and the use of municipal sewage sludge in five levels (control, recommended fertilizer, 10, 20, and 30 tons of sewage sludge). Results show that the interaction between seed inoculation and sewage sludge treatments on eicosanoic, palmitic, and arachidonic fatty acids has been significant at 1% and on stearic acid at 5%. Aztobacter and 30 tons of sewage sludge treatment (2680 kg/ha) has had the highest grain yield, 23.5% higher than the control treatment (2170 kg/ha). The highest amount of oleic and linoleic acid is obtained from 30 tons of sewage sludge treatment with 61.23% and 18.41%, respectively. Nitrogen uptake efficiency is the highest in fertilizer recommendation treatment with Azotobacter (16.79%). Interaction effects of inoculation and sewage sludge treatments on both trait consumption efficiency and productivity efficiency (agricultural) have been significant in terms of biomass and grain yield. Results indicate that the use of nitrogen fertilizer in proper amount, provided that it is in a timely manner, combined with inoculation could have a greater effect on productivity efficiency (agricultural) index. It can be stated that with appropriate use of sewage sludge, and necessary precautions, it can be a good substitute for nitrogen fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nitrogen agronomic efficiency
  • Oleic acid Agronomic efficiency of nitrogen
  • Erucic acid
  • Linoleic acid
  • Oleic acid
  • Saturated fatty acids
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