نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

3 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران.

4 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی توانایی رقابتی ارقام مختلف سیب­زمینی با علف­های هرز آزمایشی در سال 1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل در قالب طرح بلوک­های­ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای موردمطالعه شامل 10 رقم سیب­زمینی بودند که در شرایط با و بدونرقابت طبیعی علف­های هرز رشد می­کردند. نتایج نشان داد افت عملکرد در شرایط حضور علف­های هرز از سه درصد در رقم ساتینا تا 84 درصد در رقم آگریا متغیر بود. هم‌چنین توانایی رقابتی ارقام با یکدیگر متفاوت بود. رقم ساتینا دارای بالاترین شاخص رقابت (CI) بود و توانست وزن خشک علف­های هرز را نسبت به رقم اسپریت به­عنوان یک رقم ضعیف در رقابت با علف­های هرز به میزان دو برابر بیش‌تر کاهش دهد. از بین صفات موردبررسی قطر ساقه سیب­زمینی همبستگی منفی با وزن خشک علف­های هرز و همبستگی مثبت  با شاخص­های تحمل و رقابت ارقام داشت. قطر ساقه در رقم ساتینا در شرایط حضور علف‌های هرز نسبت به رقم اسپریت 18 درصد بیش‌تر بود. به‌طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد رقم ساتینا به­عنوان یک رقم سازگار برای کشت در منطقه اردبیل نسبت به سایر ارقام از شاخص حساسیت (SSI) کم‌تر و پایداری بیش‌تری نسبت به علف­های هرز برخوردار بوده و می­توان آن را به­عنوان رقم رقیب در برنامه­های مدیریت غیرشیمیایی علف­های هرز معرفی نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Competitive Ability of Potato Cultivars with Weeds

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshteh Nourollahi 1
  • Hamid Mohammaddoust 2
  • Davood Hassanpanah 3
  • Mohammad Anvar 4

1 Former Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

3 Research Assistant Professor, Plant Breeding (Genetics-Biometry), Horticulture Crops Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran.

4 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to study the competitiveness of potato cultivars with weeds, an experiment was conducted in 2016 at field research of Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station. For this purpose a randomized complete block has been used with three replications. The treatments include ten potato cultivars, grown with and without natural weed competition, with yield loss ranging from 3% in Satina to 84% in Agria in weedy condition. Also, the Competitive Ability (CA) of the cultivars differs. It is observed that satina cultivar has had the highest competitive index (CI) and could reduce the weed dry mass by two folds in comparison to Spirit as a poor cultivar. Also, stem diameter is seen to be negatively correlated with weed dry mass and positively correlated with tolerance and competition indices. Stem diameter in Satina has significantly stodd higher than Spirit cultivar. In general, the results of this study declare that Satina cultivar is considered as a tolerant and recommendable option for cultivation in Ardebil region than other cultivars, less susceptibility index (SSI) and more stable than weed, and can be introduced as a competitive cultivar in non-chemical weed management programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Competitiveness
  • morpho-physiological traits
  • sustainable weed management
  • tolerance index
  • weed suppression
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