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بررسی روابط برخی از صفات زراعی با میزان انتقال مجدد ماده خشک در کانوپی ژنوتیپ های برنج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر، مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، معاونت مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران.

4 مربی پژوهشی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.

چکیده

انتقال مجدد هیدرات­های کربن از طریق اندام­های هوایی یکی از عوامل مؤثر در پُرشدن دانه برنج می­باشد. به‌منظور تعیین سهم انتقال مجدد ماده خشک اندام­های هوایی بر عملکرد دانۀ برنج، پژوهشی با هفت ژنوتیپ­ امیدبخش و دو رقم شاهد در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 1396 و 1397 در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج شهید شیرودی شهرستان تنکابن اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که از نظر میزان انتقال مجدد ماده خشک از طریق برگ پرچم، ساقه و کل اندام­ هوایی در سطح احتمال یک درصد و از طریق سایر برگ­ها در سطح احتمال پنج درصد تفاوت آماری معنی­داری میان ژنوتیپ­ها وجود داشت. مقایسه میانگین بیانگر آن است که بیش‌ترین میزان انتقال مجدد ماده خشک از برگ پرچم متعلق به ژنوتیپ 952 با 56 گرم در مترمربع بود. حداکثر انتقال مجدد کربوهیدرات­ها از طریق سایر برگ­ها، ساقه و کل اندام­ هوایی به‌ترتیب به مقدار 123، 230 و 398 گرم در مترمربع به ژنوتیپ 953 اختصاص داشت. بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به ژنوتیپ 952 با 7206 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. نتایج همبستگی نشان داد که عملکرد دانه با انتقال مجدد ماده خشک از راه­های برگ پرچم، ساقه، اندام هوایی و وزن هزاردانه با ضریب 37/0، 55/0، 51/0 و 44/0 همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار داشت. با توجه به عملکرد و میزان انتقال مجدد ماده خشک دو ژنوتیپ 952 و953 ژنوتیپ­های مناسبی برای ادامه فعالیت­های تحقیقاتی به‌منظور معرفی رقم جدید برنج به‌ویژه در شرایط کمبود آب و تنش گرما می­باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Studying the Relation between Some Agronomic Traits and Dry Matter Remobilization Rate in Canopy of Rice Genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Saraei 1
  • Morteza Moballeghi 2
  • Morteza Nasiri 3
  • Mojtaba Nashaeemoghaddam 4

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII), Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran.

4 Instructor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The remobilization of carbohydrates in shoots is one of the effective factors to grain filling in rice. To determine the contribution of dry matter remobilization of shoots in different rice genotypes, a research has been carried out with seven rice genotypes and two controls in RCBD design with three replications during 2017-2018 at rice research station of Shahid Shiroodi in Tonekabon county. Results show that among all genotypes, rate of dry matter remobilization via the flag leaf, stem, and total shoot has differed significantly at (p<0.01) percent and from other leaves at (p<0.05) percent level. Mean comparison among the genotypes indicates that the highest dry matter remobilization from flag leaf belongs to Genotype 952 with 56 g.m-2. The maximum carbohydrates remobilization in other leaves, stem and total shoots are assigned to Genotype 953 at 123, 230, and 398 g.m-2, respectively. Highest grain yield belongs to Genotype 952 with 7206 kg.ha-1. Correlation analysis results show that grain yield is positively and significantly correlated with dry matter remobilization from flag leaf, stem, and total shoots, as well as 1000-grain weight, having coefficients of 0.37, 0.55, 0.51, and 0.44, respectively. As a result of yield and dry matter remobilization rate, and the positive and significant correlation between them, both Genotypes 952 and 953 are suitable for continuing research activity and introduce a new rice cultivar especially in drought and hot stress conditions at the grain filling stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canopy
  • correlation
  • genotype
  • morphophisiologic
  • remobilization
  • rice
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به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 22، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 617-628
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