نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

چکیده

این آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1397-1398 در مزرعه‌ای شور (هدایت الکتریکی 2/5 دسی‌زیمنس‌ بر متر)، واقع در منطقه دستگرد اصفهان انجام شد. چهار سطح آبیاری (100، 75، 50 و 25 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار سطح کود زیستی (شاهد، نیتروکسین، بیوفسفر و تلفیق نیتروکسین و بیوفسفر) و دو سطح کود شیمیایی (عدم کاربرد و کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر) به‌عنوان عوامل فرعی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. تنش شدید خشکی 25 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی­اکسیدان کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز، میزان پرولین و میزان مالون‌دی‌آلدئید در کینوا را به‌ترتیب حدود 46، 52، 142، 42 و 39 درصد نسبت به شرایط بدون تنش آبیاری 100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه  افزایش داد و در نتیجه موجب کاهش‌ معنی‌دار عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک (به‌ترتیب حدود 76 و 49 درصد) در این گیاه گردید. با این وجود در تمامی سطوح تنش خشکی، تیمار تلفیق نیتروکسین و بیوفسفر در شرایط کاربرد هم‌زمان کودهای شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر بیش‌ترین تأثیر را بر تعدیل اثرات تنش خشکی، کاهش معنی­دار فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی­اکسیدان و در نتیجه افزایش عملکرد در مقایسه با سایر تیمارهای کودی در همان سطح خشکی داشت. نتایج در مجموع نشان داد که گیاه کینوا با وجود شوری خاک محل آزمایش، توانست حتی در شرایط تنش شدید خشکی، دوره رشد خود را کامل کند و بذر تولید نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of biochemical reactions and antioxidant enzymes activity of Quinoa under drought stress and fertilizer treatments in saline soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Amirusefi 1
  • Mahmoud Reza Tadayon 2
  • Rahim Ebrahimi 3

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Biosystems Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The present experiment has been conducted as a split plot factorial based on completely randomized block design with three replications in 2018-2019 crop season on a saline farm (with an electrical conductivity of 5.2 dS/m) in Dastgerd area, Isfahan Province. Four levels of irrigation (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of FC) compose the main factors and biofertilizer (the control, Nitroxin, Biophosphorus, and their combination) as well as chemical fertilizer in two level of no application and integrated application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are the sub-factor. Severe drought stress (25% FC irrigation treatment) increase the measured traits (antioxidant enzyme activity including catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase along with Proline and Malondialdehyde content) in quinoa by about 46%, 52%, 142%, 42%, and 39%, compared to non-stress conditions (100% FC irrigation treatment), respectively. Also, they significantly reduce grain and biological yield in this plant (by about 76% and 49%, respectively). However, at all drought stress levels , the combination of nitroxin and biophosphorus under conditions of simultaneous use of chemical fertilizers of nitrogen and phosphorus shows the maximum effect on moderation of drought stress effects, significantly reducing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and, consequently, increasing yield, compared to other treatments at the same drought level. Overall, the results demonstrate that despite the salinity of the tested soil, quinoa has been able to complete its growth and seed production even under severe drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catalase
  • Nitrogen
  • Osmotic Stress
  • Phosphorus
  • Quinoa
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