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ارزیابی رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانی و عملکرد دانه ارقام گلرنگ در شرایط قطع آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع ‌طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر قطع آبیاری آخر فصل بر صفات بیوشیمیایی و عملکرد ارقام گلرنگ آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت خردشده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز در سال زراعی 97-1396 به‌‌اجرا درآمد. عامل اصلی شامل رژیم آبیاری در سه سطح آبیاری مطلوب و قطع آبیاری از اواسط مرحله گل‌دهی و اوایل پرشدن دانه و عامل فرعی شامل ارقام گلرنگ به نام‌های پدیده، گلدشت، فرامان و محلی اصفهان بود. قطع آبیاری از گلدهی سبب کاهش 37/30 درصدی کلروفیل a و 8/25 درصدی کلروفیل b و افزایش 38/15 درصدی کارتنوئید، 38/23 درصدی فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و 94/34 درصدی فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز شد که در رقم گلدشت بیش‌تر از سایر ارقام بود. در شرایط قطع آبیاری از گل‌دهی و پرشدن دانه بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه به‌ترتیب به میزان 132 و 5/150 گرم در مترمربع در رقم گلدشت به‌دست آمد. به‌طورکلی، قطع آبیاری از مرحله گل‌دهی و پرشدن دانه به‌ترتیب 3/32 و 93/19 درصد عملکرد دانه را کاهش داد. در شرایط قطع آبیاری عملکرد دانه با محتوای کلروفیل a (**77/0=r)، کلروفیل b (**86/0=r)، کارتنوئید (**74/0=r)، کاتالاز (**71/0=r) و پراکسیداز (**72/0= r)، و شاخص برداشت (**83/0= r)، همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری داشت. در مجموع رقم گلدشت گلرنگ توانست با افزایش رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و فعالیت آنزیمی در شرایط کمبود آب در آخر فصل رشد عملکرد دانه بیش‌تری را نسبت به سایر ارقام به‌دست آورد.                            

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activity and seed yield of safflower cultivars under cutting off irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mojtaba Mosavi 1
  • Ehsan Bijanzadeh 2
  • Zahra Zinati 3
  • Vahid Barati 3

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

3 Assistance Professor, Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect under late season cutting off irrigation on biochemical properties and yield of safflower cultivars a split factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design was conducted in three replicates at College of Agriculture and Natural resources of Darab, Shiraz University during 2017-2018 growing season. The main factor was irrigation regime in three levels included of normal irrigation, cutting off irrigation in the middle of the flowering, and in the early seed filling stages and sub factor was safflower cultivars including Padideh, Goldasht, Faraman and Isfahan local. Cutting off irrigation in flowering stage decreased 30.37% of chlorophyll a and 25.8% of chlorophyll b, and increased 15.38% carotenoid, 23.38% of catalase activity and 34.94 % of peroxidase activity, which in Goldasht cultivar was more than the other cultivars. Under cutting off irrigation at flowering and seed filling, the highest seed yield was obtained in Goldasht cultivar as 132 and 150.5 g/m2, respectively. Overall, cutting of irrigation at flowering and seed filling stages reduced grain yield by 32.3 and 19.93%, respectively. Under cutting off irrigating, seed yield with chlorophyll a content (r=0.77**), chlorophyll b (r=0.86**), carotenoid (r=0.74**), catalase (r=0.71**), peroxidase (r=0.72**), and harvest index (r=0.83**) had positive and significant correlation. In addition, Goldasht cultivar of safflower could by increasing photosynthetic pigments and enzyme activity under water deficit in late season obtained the more seed yield compared to other cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carotenoids
  • Catalase
  • Chlorophyll content
  • Goldasht cultivar
  • Irrigation regime
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به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 22، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 571-586
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