نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، آموزشکده کشاورزی سرایان، دانشگاه بیرجند، سرایان، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام مختلف تریتیکاله، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های­ کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 98-1397 در مزارع تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی سرایان به انجام رسید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 12 الگوی کشت خالص و کشت مخلوط از سه رقم پاژ، سناباد و ژوالینو (کشت خالص پاژ، کشت خالص سناباد، کشت خالص ژوالینو، 50% پاژ+ 50% سناباد، 50% ژوالینو+ 50% سناباد، ترکیب 33% ارقام، 70% پاژ+ 30% سناباد، 30% پاژ+ 70% سناباد، 70% ژوالینو+ 30% سناباد، 30% ژوالینو+ 70% سناباد، 70% پاژ+ 30% ژوالینو و 30% پاژ+ 70% ژوالینو) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد کاه تحت کشت خالص رقم سناباد به‌دست آمد و بیش‌ترین مقادیر طول سنبله، تعداد دانه در سنبله، تعداد سنبله در مترمربع، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن 1000 دانه، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت در کشت خالص رقم پاژ و کشت مخلوط 70% پاژ+ 30% ژوالینو حاصل شدند. علاوه بر این، بیش‌ترین عملکرد بیولوژیک و محتوای کلروفیل برگ به ترتیب تحت کاربرد تیمارهای کشت مخلوط پاژ 30%+ سناباد 70% و پاژ 70%+ ژوالینو 30% به ثبت رسیدند. در برآورد نسبت برابری زمین نیز مشاهده شد که تیمارهای کشت مخلوط پاژ 70%+ سناباد 30%، پاژ 30%+ سناباد 70% و پاژ 70%+ سناباد 30% دارای LER بالاتری (در هر سه تیمار 9/1LER=) نسبت به سایر تیمارها بودند. به‌طورکلی، با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از پژوهش حاضر و بیش‌تربودن نسبت برابری زمین در کشت مخلوط پاژ 70%+ ژوالینو 30% نتیجه­گیری می­شود که کشت مخلوط مذکور می­تواند جایگزین کشت خالص تریتیکاله گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of intercropping of triticale cultivars on some morphological, yield, and yield component traits

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Hamidreza Ramazani

Assistant Professor, Plant Genetic and Production Department, Agricultural Collage of Sarayan, University of Birjand, Sarayan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of intercropping on some morphological, yield, and yield components traits of different Triticale cultivars, an experiment has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design in three replication during the 2018-2019 growing season in the research farms of Faculty of Agriculture of Sarayan. The experimental treatments are consisted of 12 patterns of monocrop and intercropping of Pajh, Sanabad, and Jualinoo cultivars (100% Pajh, 100% Jualinoo, 100% Sanabad, 50% Pajh + 50% Sanabad, 50% Jualinoo+50% Jualinoo, 33% Pajh+ 33% Jualinoo+33% sanabad, 70% Pajh + 30% Sanabad, 30% Pajh + 70% Sanabad, 70% Jualinoo+30% Sanabad, 30% Jualinoo+70% Sanabad, 70% Pajh + 30% Jualinoo,  and 30% Pajh + 70% Jualinoo). Results show that the highest plant height and straw yield have been obtained under the monocropping of Sanabad cultivar with the highest values of spike length, number of grain per spike, number of spike per square meter, number of grain per plant, 1000 grains weight, grain yield, and harvest index belonging to the monocrop pattern of Pajh cultivar and intercropping of 70% Pajh+ 30% Jualinoo treatments. Furthermore, the highest biological yield and content of leaf chlorophyll have been achieved under 30% Pajh + Sanabad 70% and Pajh 70% + Jualinoo 30% treatments, respectively. Results also show that the highest LER has been calculated under the application of intercropping of 70% Pajh + 30% Sanabad, Pajh 30% + 70% Sanabad, and Pajh 70% + Jualinoo 30%, compared with other treatments. In general, concerning the obtained results of the present study and the highest LER in Pajh 70% + Jualinoo 30%, it is concluded that the aforementioned intercropping can be used instead of monocrop of different triticale cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cereals
  • Correlation coefficient
  • Intra-species competition
  • LER
  • Monocropping
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