نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

3 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر محلول­پاشی بنزیل­آمینو­پورین بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کینوا (رقم 26Q) پژوهشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در سال زراعی 1396 اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل آبیاری مطلوب (پتانسیل آب خاک 4/0- مگاپاسکال) و تنش خشکی (پتانسیل آب خاک 5/1- مگاپاسکال) به­عنوان عامل اول و محلول­پاشی با بنزیل‌آمینوپورین در سه سطح (صفر، 50 و 100 میکرومولار) به­عنوان عامل دوم در نظر گرفته شد. تیمار آبیاری بر تمام صفات موردمطالعه به‌جز کلروفیل b  و کارتنوئید اثر معنی­داری داشت. تنش خشکی سبب افزایش نشت یونی، پرولین و شاخص برداشت گردید ولی بر سایر صفات اثر کاهشی داشت. اثر متقابل آبیاری و هورمون برصفات مورد ارزیابی به‌جز کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل، وزن هزاردانه و عملکرد زیست­توده معنی­دار بود. بالاترین عملکرد دانه (75/215 گرم در مترمربع) تحت شرایط مطلوب رطوبتی، در غلظت 50 میکرومولار و در شرایط تنش خشکی با 76/149 گرم در مترمربع در غلظت 100 میکرومولار سیتوکینین مشاهده گردید. بالاترین شاخص برداشت نیز با 6/25 درصد در تیمار خشکی شاهد به‌دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد سیتوکینین سبب کاهش اثرات تنش در گیاه کینوا می­گردد، بنابراین محلول­پاشی با این هورمون می­تواند به­عنوان راه‌کاری جهت افزایش عملکرد کینوا در شرایط تنش خشکی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Cytokinin on Physiological and Related Traits with Yield of Quinoa under Drought Stress Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • hadi salek mearaji 1
  • Afshin Tavakoli 2
  • Aiaz Ali niazsepahvand 3

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Grain and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of 6-benzylaminopurine on physiological traits, yield and yield components of quinoa (cultivar Q26) an factorial experiment has been conducted, based on randomized complete block design with four replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan, during cropping seasons of 2017. The experimental factors include optimal irrigation (-0.4 MPa) and drought stress (-1.5 MPa) as primary factor and foliar 6-benzylaminopurine in three levels (0, 50, and 100 μM) as the secondary one. Irrigation treatment has significant effect on all traits, except chlorophyll b and cartenoide. Drought stress increases electrolyte leakage (EL), proline, and Harvest index (HI) though it has a declingin effect on other traits. The effect of irrigation and hormone interaction has been considerable, except for chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, thousand weight grain, and biomass yield. The highest grain yield (215.75 g.m2) in optimal irrigation is observed in 50 μM and in drought stress condition with 149.76 g.m2, obtained in 100 μM of cytokinin. The maximum harvest index (25.6%) can be observed in the control treatment of drought stress. Results show that applying cytokinin reduces the unfavorable effects on quinoa; therefore, this hormone’s foliar can be a solution to enhance the grain yield of quinoa under drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Benzylaminopurine"
  • " Biological yield"
  • "Drought stress"
  • "foliar application"
  • " Harvest index"
  • Thousand grain weight'
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