نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران.

چکیده

جهت ارزیابی تأثیرمحلول­پاشی مواد تنظیم­کننده­ رشد و نیتروژن بر شاخص­های رشدی، تولید و کیفیت روغن دو رقم گلرنگ بهاره، آزمایشی در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی خسروشاه مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان‌­شرقی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه­ طرح بلوک‌­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1393 به‌اجرا در آمد. فاکتورهای موردمطالعه شامل تنظیم­کننده­ رشد اکسین، سیتوکنین و ترکیب تیماری اکسین+ سیتوکنین هر کدام با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و عدم مصرف هورمون­ها به‌عنوان تیمار شاهد، محلول­­­پاشی نیتروژن دو سطح (سه و شش در هزار) و دو رقم گلرنگ بهاره (صفه و گلدشت) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که در رقم صفه شاخص­های ارتفاع بوته (37 درصد)، تعداد دانه در طبق (39 درصد)، تعداد شاخه فرعی (9 درصد) و تعداد طبق در بوته (17 درصد) نسبت به رقم گلدشت افزایش نشان داد. درحالی‌که قطر طبق و وزن هزار دانه در رقم گلدشت به­ترتیب 15 و 47 درصد بیش‌تر از رقم صفه بود. بیش‌ترین عملکرد دانه 3205 کیلوگرم در هکتار در ترکیب تیماری محلول­پاشی اکسین و نیتروژن به‌صورت سه هزار به‌دست آمد که تفاوت معنی­داری با عدم مصرف هورمون و محلول­پاشی نیتروژن به­صورت شش در هزار در رقم صفه نداشت. بیش‌ترین مقدار اسید­های چرب اولئیک، پالمتیک و لینولنیک با کاربرد ترکیبی اکسین و سیتوکنین و محلول­پاشی سه و شش در هزار نیتروژن مشاهده شد. کاربرد جداگانه اکسین و سیتوکنین میزان لینولئیک و استئاریک را در گلرنگ بهاره در مقایسه با عدم مصرف هورمون افزایش داد که این افزایش در رقم صفه در مقایسه با گلدشت بیش‌تر بود. براساس نتیجه­گیری نهایی رقم صفه در مقایسه با رقم گلدشت از میزان رشد و عملکرد بیش‌تری برخوردار بود و هم‌چنین تأثیر­­پذیری مثبت رقم صفه در مقایسه با گلدشت در محلول‌پاشی هورمون­ها و نیتروژن بیش‌تر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Foliar Application of Some Growth Regulators and Nitrogen on Growth, Yield and Oil Quality of Spring Safflower

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Hazrati 1
  • Amir Reza Sadeghi-Bakhtvari 1
  • Davood Kiani 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bushehr, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The present study aims at evaluating the effects of leaf foliar of growth regulators and nitrogen on growth parameters and yield of spring safflower. To do so it has carried out a research at East Azerbaijan Agricultural Research Center as a factorial experiment based on RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with three replications. The factors include growth regulators in four levels, namely auxin, cytokinin, auxin + cytokinin (wherein the treatment’s concentration has been 1000 mg/L), and control (no use of growth regulator, whatsoever), foliar application of nitrogen (3 and 6 per thousand), and two springcultivars (Soffe and Goldasht). Results show taller plants (17%) and greater number of heads per plant (39%), seeds per head (9%), and lateral stems (37%) for Soffeh cultivar, compared to Goldasht variety. On the other hand, Goldasht cultivar provides the maximum head diameter (15%) and 1000 seed weight (47%), in comparison to Soffeh cultivar. The maximum grain yield is observed for Soffeh cultivar with auxin growth regulator and a concentration of three per thousand foliar application of nitrogen (3205 kg ha -1),displaying no significant difference from either the control or the application of three per thousand foliar of nitrogen (3120 kg ha-1). The application of growth regulators has changed the fatty acid composition. The application of auxin + cytokinin as the growth regulator with a concentration of three and six per thousand foliar of nitrogen increase the oleic, palmitic, and linolenic acids. However, the use of auxin and cytokinin separately increase linoleic and stearic acids among the fatty acids, compared to the control, which is higher in Soffeh cultivar than Goldasht. In general, Soffeh cultivar shows higher growth and yield, compared to Goldasht cultivar, indicating the positive effect in foliar application of hormones and nitrogen for the latter. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Auxin
  • cytokinin
  • fatty acid quality
  • nitrogen
  • production
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