نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران.

چکیده

رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) کاربردهای زیادی در صنایع دارویی و غذایی دارد. با توجه به نقش مؤثر عناصر ریزمغذی در عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاهان دارویی، تأثیر محلول­پاشی با غلظت­های مختلف کلات آهن (شاهد (صفر)، 5/1 و 3 گرم در لیتر) و کلات روی (شاهد (صفر)، 5/1 و 3 گرم در لیتر) بر خصوصیات عملکردی و محتوی اسانس رازیانه بومی و اصلاح‌شده (رقم شوروک شاری) ارزیابی گردید. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت­های دوبار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1397 در دانشگاه کردستان انجام گرفت. اثر ساده کلات آهن، اثر متقابل کلات آهن و نوع رقم و نیز اثر متقابل کلات آهن، کلات روی و نوع رقم تأثیر معنی­داری بر هیچ‌کدام از صفات نداشتند. کلات روی بر اکثر صفات تأثیر معنی­داری گذاشت، طوری‌که بیش‌ترین محتوی اسانس (06/5 درصد) و عملکرد اسانس (07/35 لیتر در هکتار) متعلق به تیمار 3 گرم در لیتر و بیش‌ترین عملکرد بذر (2/884 کیلوگرم در هکتار) متعلق به تیمار عدم استفاده از کلات روی بود. اثر متقابل کلات آهن و کلات روی تنها بر عرض بذر و اثر متقابل کلات روی و نوع رقم تنها بر تعداد چترک تأثیر معنی­داری داشتند. رقم تأثیر معنی­داری بر تعداد چتر در بوته، عملکرد بذر و عملکرد اسانس داشت، طوری‌که بیش‌ترین میانگین صفات مذکور (به‌ترتیب 29/25، 26/765 کیلوگرم در هکتار و 27/34 لیتر در هکتار) متعلق به رازیانه ­بومی بود. از بین تیمارهای کودی اعمال‌شده، تیمار 3 گرم در لیتر کلات روی به‌تنهایی و از بین دو نوع رازیانه­ کشت‌شده، رازیانه­ی بومی برتر شناخته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Field Evaluation of Iron and Zinc Chelates Foliar Application on ‎Morphological Characteristics, Yield, and Essential Oil Content of Native and ‎Improved Fennel ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • shadi moradi 1
  • jalal khorshidi 2
  • mohammadreza morshedloo 3

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Foeniculum vulgare Mill. is one of the medicinal plants, which is widely used in pharmaceutical and food industries. Due to the effective role of micronutrients in the quantitative and qualitative yield of medicinal plants, the effect of foliar application of iron chelate (0, 1.5 and 3 g/L) and zinc chelate (0, 1.5 and 3 g/L) on the functional properties and essential oil content of native and improved (cv. Soroksari) fennel was evaluated. The experiment was conducted as a split-split plot, based on RCB design with three replications during 2018 at the University of Kurdistan. Simple effects of iron chelate, the interaction iron chelate and cultivar, as well as the interaction iron chelate, zinc chelate and cultivar type, had no significant effect on measured traits. Zinc chelate significantly affected most of the studied traits, so that the highest of essential oil content (5.06%) and yield (35.07 L/ha) were belonged to 3 g/L treatment, while the highest seed yield (884.2 kg/ha) was obtained in zero treatment of zinc chelate. The interaction of iron chelate and zinc chelate as well as the interaction of zinc chelate and cultivar had only a significant effect on seed width and number of umbels, respectively. The impact of cultivar had a significant effect, on the number of umbels per plant, seed yield, and essential oil yield, so that the highest average of mentioned traits (25.29, 765.26 kg/ha and 34.27 L/ha, respectively) were belonged to native fennel. Generally, among the fertilizer treatments, 3 g/L zinc chelate and between the two types of fennel, native fennels were recognized as superior.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil yield
  • Micronutrient
  • Seed yield
  • Soroksari
  • Umbel
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