نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت و محلول پاشی سولفات روی و سلنیوم بر تحمل به دمای بالا بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد دو رقم گندم نان، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 97-1396، به صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه آزمایشی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز اجرا شد. در این آزمایش سه فاکتور مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. فاکتور اول (کرت‌های اصلی): سه تاریخ کاشت شامل (20 آبان، 20 آذر و 20 دی) فاکتور دوم (کرت های فرعی): محلول پاشی ترکیبات شیمیایی مختلف شامل 1) آب شهری (شاهد)، 2) سولفات روی (04/0 درصد) 3) سلنیوم (4 میلی گرم در لیتر) و فاکتور سوم (کرت های فرعی فرعی): ارقام مختلف گندم شامل( چمران و استار). با توجه به نتایج در تاریخ کاشت 20 دی ماه، تعداد دانه در سنبله در تیمار محلول پاشی با سولفات روی 10 درصد، سلنیوم 36 درصد و آب شهری33 درصد نسبت به تیمارهای مشابه خود در تاریخ کاشت 20 آبان ماه کاهش پیدا کرد. در تاریخ کاشت 20 دی ماه، کاهش عملکرد نسبت به تاریخ کاشت 20 آبان ماه در تیمار آب شهری 3/49 درصد، تیمار سلنیوم 9/49 و تیمار سولفات روی 19/20 درصد بود. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده در بین تیمارهای محلول پاشی، سولفات روی از طریق افزایش تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه و دوره پر شدن دانه باعث افزایش عملکرد دانه در دو رقم گندم شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The investigation of effect of planting date and foliar application Zinc sulfate and Selenium on tolerance to high temperature on two Wheat cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Noroozi 1
  • Majid Nabipour 2
  • Afraseyab Rahnama Ghahfarokhi 3
  • Habibola Roshanfekr 3

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigation the effect of planting date and foliar application Zinc sulfate and Selenium on tolerance to high temperature on two Wheat cultivars one experiment was carried out in a split factorial experiment based on a complete randomized block design with three replications at the experimental farm of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz during a growing season 2017-2018. Three factors were investigated in this experiment. initial factor including three planting date (Nov 11, Des 11, Jan 10). The solution type was used as the second factor: 1- foliar application with tap water (control), 2- foliar application with selenium (4 mg/lit), 3- foliar application with zinc sulfate (0.04%) and third factor including two wheat cultivars (Chamran and Star). According to the results in planting date of 20 January, the number of grains per spike decreased in the foliar application treatments by zinc solfate 10%, Selenium 36% and control 33% compared to similar treatments in the planting date of November 20th. In the planting date of January 20, the decrease in grain yield compared to the planting date of November 20th was 49.3% in the control treatment and 49.9% in the selenium treatment While in zinc sulfate treatment, yield reduction was 20.19%. According to the results obtained in folia application, Zn sulfate increased grain yield in two wheat cultivars by increasing the number of grains per spike, 1000- grain weight and grain filling duration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain yield
  • 1000- grain weight
  • heat stress
  • Selenium
  • Zinc sulfate
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