نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، کرمان، ایران

3 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، کرمان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج) رفسنجان، کرمان، ایران.

چکیده

در کشت بدون خاک عدم مدیریت صحیح محلول‌دهی به دلیل محدود بودن حجم ریشه و ظرفیت نگهداری کم آب بستر باعث ایجاد تنش در گیاه می‌شود. در این پژوهش مدیریت محلول‌دهی و محلول‌پاشی با سولفات پتاسیم در کشت بدون خاک بر توت‌فرنگی رقم پاروس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به‌این منظور آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل با دو فاکتور شامل تعداد دفعات محلول‌دهی در شبانه‌روز در سه سطح یک، چهار و 10 بار در روز و محلول‌پاشی با سولفات پتاسیم در سه سطح بدون محلول‌پاشی (شاهد)، محلول‌پاشی یک و دو گرم بر لیتر در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که‌ افزایش تعداد دفعات محلول‌دهی تا چهار بار در روز موجب افزایش معنی‌دار وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه، تعداد میوه، میزان کلروفیل a، b، و کل، محتوای آب نسبی برگ و میزان کلسیم و منیزیم برگ گردید. بیشترین سطح برگ، وزن میوه، تعداد گل‌آذین و پتاسیم و آهن برگ و ریشه در محلول‌دهی ده بار در روز به دست آمد. محلول‌پاشی سولفات پتاسیم یک گرم بر لیتر بیشترین تاثیر را بر سطح برگ، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و وزن میوه داشت. کاربرد دو گرم بر لیتر سولفات پتاسیم سبب افزایش شاخص سبزینگی در مقایسه با گیاهان محلول‌پاشی نشده در تمام شرایط محلول‌دهی گردید. بیشترین میزان کربوهیدرات‌های محلول برگ در گیاهان با یک‌بار محلول‌دهی در روز و محلول‌پاشی دو گرم بر لیتر سولفات پتاسیم به‌دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of the frequency of fertigation and foliar application of potassium sulfate on some vegetative, reproductive, physiological characteristics and nutrient elements of strawberry cv. Paros in soilless culture system

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad reza malekzadeh shamsabad 1
  • Majid Esmaeilizadeh 2
  • Hamidreza roosta 3
  • fatemeh nazoori 4

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-E- Asr University, Kerman, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-E- Asr University, Kerman, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-E- Asr University, Kerman, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-E- Asr University, Kerman, Iran

چکیده [English]

In soilless culture, lack of correct management in fertigation causes stress in plants due to restricted root volume and low water holding capacity of substrate. The present study aimed to assess managing the fertigation practice and foliar application of potassium sulfate in soilless culture of strawberry cv. paros. A factorial experiment was conducted with two factors including fertigation frequency at three levels (1, 4 and 10 times per day) and foliar application with potassium sulfate at three levels of concentration (0 as control, 1 and 2 g/L). The experiment was carried out based on a complete randomized design with three replications in Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan. Results indicated that increasing the fertigation frequency up to four times a day led to a significant increase in dry weight of shoot and root, number of fruits, concentration of chlorophyll a and b, leaf relative water content and leaf Ca and Mg content. The highest values of leaf area, fruit weight, number of inflorescence as well as potassium and iron content of leaf and root were obtained by 10 times of fertigation per day. Potassium sulfate foliar application with concentration of 1 g/L had the most effect on leaf area as well as shoot, root and fruit dry weight, vegetation index increased in plants treated with 2 g/L potassium sulfate compared with those without any foliar application treatment. The highest content of leaf soluble carbohydrates belonged to the plants treated with once-a-day fertigation and foliar application of 2 g/L potassium sulfate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foliar Application
  • Hydroponics
  • Nutrient Solution
  • photosynthesis
  • potassium
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