نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثر فاصله برداشت علوفه (رشد مجدد) بر صفات کمی و کیفی گیاه سیب‌زمینی ترشی به‌عنوان یک گیاه علوفه امیدبخش اجرا شد. به این منظور آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و دو مشاهده در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، کرج، طی سال‌های زراعی 94-1393 و 95-1394 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش در سال اول شامل سه فاصله برداشت (هر دو، سه و چهار ماه پس از سبز شدن یا رشد مجدد) و در سال دوم شامل چهار فاصله برداشت (هر یک، دو، سه و چهار ماه پس از سبز شدن یا رشد مجدد) بودند. در سال دوم کشت مجدد انجام نشد. بیشترین وزن خشک برگ، ساقه و کل علوفه در فاصله برداشت هر دو ماه به دست آمد. بیشترین سرعت رشد گیاه و نسبی و دوام زیست‌توده به ترتیب در فواصل برداشت هر سه، چهار و دو ماه برداشت مشاهده گردید. در سال دوم زراعی بیشترین میزان پروتئین خام کل علوفه در فاصله برداشت هر یک ماه به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی کل علوفه مربوط به فاصله برداشت هر چهار ماه بود. به‌طورکلی فاصله برداشت هر دو ماه به دلیل عملکرد بالای علوفه خشک (2056 گرم در مترمربع)، نسبت برگ به ساقه 53/0، پروتئین خام 50/12 درصد، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در آب 89/3 درصد، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی و خنثی به ترتیب برابر 98/32 و 05/46 درصد بهترین تیمار برای تولید علوفه سیب‌زمینی ترشی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Yield and forage properties of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) in different harvest intervals

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Mohammadi 1
  • Ali Mokhtasi Bidgoli 2
  • Hassan Fazaeli 3

1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

3 Professor, Academic Staff, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of harvest interval (re-growth) on quantitative and qualitative traits of Jerusalem artichoke as a promising forage plant. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted at a Research farm of Animal Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2015 and 2016. The experiment was based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two observations. The treatments consisted of different times of harvesting forage intervals in each two, three and four months in the first year and each one, two, three, and four months after emergence or regrowth in the second year. Replant was not done in the second year. The highest dry weight of leaf, stem and total forage was obtained with harvest interval in each two months. The highest crop growth rate, relative growth rate and biomass duration and the highest growth rate, relative growth rate and biomass duration were observed in cut intervals of three, four and two months, respectively. In the second year, the highest amount of crude protein of total forage were observed in the cut intervals of one month. The highest amount of ADF of total forage was observed for cut intervals of four months. Generally, the best time for harvesting of forage can be taken each two months due to high yield forage (2056 g/m2), leaf to stem ratio of 0.53, crude protein of 12.50 percent, water-soluble carbohydrates of 3.89 percent, ADF of 32.98 percent and NDF of 46.05 percent of the Jerusalem artichoke.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cut
  • Feeding
  • Grazing management
  • Jerusalem artichoke
  • quality and quantity
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