نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 دانشیار،گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی امکان افزایش عملکرد دانه لوبیا با کاربرد براسینواستروئید، پژوهشی به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه‌ تحقیقاتی دانشکده‌ کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان، در سال زراعی 1395-1394 اجرا شد. در این پژوهش، سطوح آبیاری شامل آبیاری مطلوب و اعمال تنش خشکی در کرت‌های اصلی قرار گرفت و ارقام لوبیا شامل رقم کوشا و ژنوتیپ COS16 و چهار سطح براسینواستروئید شامل عدم مصرف (شاهد)، دو، چهار و شش میکرومولار به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفتند. در مرحله‌ گل‌دهی، تنش خشکی اعمال شد و هم‌زمان با اعمال تنش خشکی، بوته‌های لوبیا با براسینواستروئید (اپی‌براسینولید) محلول‌پاشی شد. نتایج نشان داد که اعمال تنش خشکی باعث کاهش شاخص سطح برگ، اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد زیست‌توده و شاخص برداشت شد و کاربرد اپی‌براسینولید باعث به حداقل رساندن اثرات منفی تنش خشکی و افزایش در صفات فوق گردید. بالاترین عملکرد دانه با کاربرد غلظت دو میکرومولار اپی‌براسینولید با میانگین‌ 2/2068 کیلوگرم بر هکتار به‌دست آمد. در بین ارقام مورد مطالعه نیز، رقم کوشا در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب با میانگین 45/3025 کیلوگرم بر هکتار، عملکرد دانه بیشتری نسبت به ژنوتیپ COS16 نشان داد. بنابراین، کاربرد اپی‌براسینولید را به‏عنوان راه‌کاری جهت افزایش مقاومت به تنش خشکی و افزایش عملکرد دانه لوبیا در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و تنش خشکی می‌توان پیشنهاد نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of epibrassinolide on growth and seed yield of bean under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Mohammadi 1
  • Afshin Tavakoli 2
  • Majid Pouryousef 2
  • Ehsan Mohsenifard 3

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the increment possibility of bean seed yield by the application of brassinosteroid, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan during the 2016-2017 cropping season. In this experiment, irrigation levels included optimal irrigation and drought stress were applied to main plots and bean cultivars including Kusha cultivar and COS16 genotype, and four levels of brassinosteroid including of no-application (control), two, four and six μM were allocated to subplots as factorial. Drought stress was applied at the flowering stage, and bean plants were sprayed with brassinosteroid (epibrassinolide) simultaneously with drought stress. The results showed that drought stress decreased leaf area index, yield components, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index and the application of epibrassinolide minimized the negative effects of drought stress and increased in the above traits. The highest seed yield was obtained by application of two μM of epibrassinolide with an average of 2068.2 kg.ha-1. Also, among the studied cultivars, the Kusha cultivar under optimal irrigation with an average of 3025.45 kg.ha-1 showed a higher seed yield compared to COS16 genotype. Therefore, the use of epibrassinolide can be suggested as a solution to increase drought stress resistance and enhance seed yield of bean under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • harvest index
  • leaf area index
  • Seed weight
  • Yield components
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