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ارزیابی مولکولی کارایی شیمی درمانی و کشت مریستم برای تولید هفت رقم گلابی عاری از ویروس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، پژوهشکده میوه های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، کرج، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری، پژوهشکده ملی کشمش و انگور و دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف تولید نهال سالم گلابی جهت تکثیر و ایجاد یک باغ سالم مادری در سال 1393 در پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران (ابری) انجام شد. آزمایش‌ها با ارزیابی کارایی شیمی‌درمانی (تیمارهای ریباویرین با غلظت‌های صفر، 20، 40 و 80 میلی‌گرم) و کشت مریستم انتهایی (در سه اندازه: کوچک‌تر از 2/0 میلی‌متر، بین 2/0 تا 7/0 میلی‌متر و بزرگ‌تر از 7/0 میلی‌متر) بر حذف ویروس (ACLSV، ASGVو ASPV) از هفت رقم گلابی (ابته‌فتل، بیروتی، درگزی، کوشیا، لوئیزبون، ملینا و اسپادونا) صورت گرفتند. در ابتدا حضور ویروس‌های ACLSV، ASGV و ASPV در نمونه‌های مادری با روش RT-PCR بررسی شد و تمام ریز نمونه‌ها به هر سه ویروس آلودگی داشتند به‌جز ارقام ابته‌فتل و بیروتی که عاری از ویروس ASP بودند. تیمارهای شیمی‌درمانی و کشت مریستم در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای انجام شد. ریز شاخه‌های رشد یافته از مریستم توسط RT-PCR برای هر سه ویروس مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش غلظت ریباویرین و کاهش اندازه مریستم در افزایش کارآیی حذف هر سه ویروس بسیار مؤثر بود. همچنین واکنش ارقام و ویروس‌های موردمطالعه به تیمارهای این پژوهش متفاوت بود. نمونه‌هایی که توسط RT-PCR سالم تشخیص داده شدند، تکثیر و ریشه‌دار شده و به گلدان منتقل شدند تا بتوانند به‌منظور ایجاد باغ مادری سالم مورداستفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular assessment of Chemotherapy and meristem culture efficiency to production of seven cultivars of virus free pear

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nooshin Kazemi 1
  • Fariborz Zaree Nahandi 2
  • Ali Akbar Habashi 3
  • Wahab Asadi 4

1 Former Ph. D. Student, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

4 Ph. D. Candidate, Iranian Research Institute in Grape and Raisin, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This study was aimed to production of healthy primary pear plants for propagation and establishment of a high health maternal orchard in 2014 at Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII). The experiments were conducted by evaluate the effectiveness of the chemotherapy treatments (Ribavirin (0, 20, 40 and 80 mg/l) and the sizes of apical meristems culturing (less than 0.2 mm, between 0.2 to 0.7 mm and larger than 0.7 mm) on virus eradicate (ACLSV, ASPV, ASGV) from seven pear cultivars ("Abate Fetal", "Beiruti", "Coscia", "Dargazi", "Louise Bonne", "Mellina" and "Spadona"). At first maternal samples were tested for ACLSV, ASGV and ASPV by RT-PCR and all explants had been infected with all three viruses except Fettel and Beirut that were free from ASPV. We performed the chemotherapy treatments then meristems were cultured and grown in vitro. Regenerated shoots from meristem were tested by RT-PCR for all three viruses. The results showed that increasing the concentration of ribavirin and reducing the size of cultivated meristem was effective on all the three viruses’ elimination from explants. Also the responses of studied cultivars and virus varieties were different in treatments of this research. Samples that were diagnosed virus free by using RT-PCR, were proliferated, rooted and transferred into the pots to be used for later propagation and establishment of maternal orchard.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus"
  • "Apple stem grooving virus"
  • " Apple stem pitting virus"
  • "Pear"
  • "Ribavirin"
  • "RT-PCR"
  • "Virus free plantlet"
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به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 21، شماره 1
فروردین 1398
صفحه 107-118
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هم رسانی
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