نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر سطوح آبیاری، کاربرد متانول و نانواکسید آهن بر عملکرد و مولفه‌های پر شدن دانه آفتابگردان، آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل در سال 1396 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل کاربرد متانول (محلول پاشی با آب به ‌عنوان شاهد و کاربرد 20 و30 درصد حجمی متانول)، نانواکسید آهن (محلول پاشی با آب به ‌عنوان شاهد، کاربرد 3/0، 6/0 و 9/0 گرم در لیتر نانواکسید آهن) و سطوح آبیاری (آبیاری کامل به‌عنوان شاهد، قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی و قطع آبیاری در مرحله پر شدن دانه) بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد دانه (2952 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، تعداد دانه پر در طبق (1121 دانه در طبق)، وزن هزار دانه (50 گرم)، سرعت، طول دوره و دوره موثر پر شدن دانه (به ترتیب 00239/0 گرم در روز و 42 و 33 روز)، شاخص کلروفیل (56) در شرایط آبیاری کامل و در سطوح بالای متانول و نانواکسید آهن بدست آمد. بیشترین محتوای پرولین و قندهای محلول (به ترتیب 1/11 میکرو‌گرم در گرم وزن تر برگ و 72 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر برگ) در شرایط قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی و کاربرد مقادیر بالای متانول و نانواکسید آهن و کمترین آنها در شرایط آبیاری کامل و عدم کاربرد متانول و نانواکسید آهن بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different irrigation levels and application of methanol and nano iron oxide on yield and grain filling components of sunflower

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raouf Seyed sharif 1
  • Reza Seyed Sharifi 2

1 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Associate professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of irrigation levels and application of methanol and nano iron oxide on yield and grain filling components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of the Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch in 2017. The experimental factors were included: application of methanol (foliar application with water as control, 20 and 30 volume percent), nano iron oxide (foliar application with water as control, application of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 g.L-1) and irrigation levels (full irrigation as control, irrigation withholding at flowering stage, irrigation withholding at grain filling period). The results showed that the highest grain yield (2952 kg/ha), number of filled grains per head (1121 grains per head), 1000-grain weight (50 g), rate and grain filling period, effective grain filling period (0.00239 g/day, 42 and 33 days respectively) and chlorophyll index (56) were obtained in full irrigation and high levels of methanol and nano iron oxide. Maximum of proline and soluble sugars content (11.1 µg/g FW and 72 mg/g FW) were obtained in irrigation withholding at flowering stage and application of high rates of methanol and nano iron oxide. The least of they were obtained in full irrigation and no application of methanol and nano iron oxide.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foliar Application
  • Microelements
  • Stress
  • Sunflower
  • Water limitation
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