به زراعی کشاورزی

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اعضای هیات تحریریه

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

اخبار و اعلانات

داوران

عضویت و راهنمای پابلونز

دستورالعمل حذف نام داور از روی کامنت ها در برنامه Word

تأثیر محلول‌پاشی چند ترکیب کلسیمی طی مراحل مختلف رشد بر برخی خصوصیات کیفی میوه سیب رقم ‘فوجی’

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت - ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت - ایران

3 استاد میوه‌کاری، دانشگاه آیداهو، آمریکا.

4 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت - ایران.

چکیده

تولید سیب فوجی در ایران با مشکلاتی از قبیل رنگ‌گیری خیلی ضعیف و بروز عارضة قهوه‌ای شدن درونی طی انبارداری همراه است. بنابراین، در این پژوهش تأثیر محلول‌پاشی سه ترکیب کلسیمی فولی‌کل (Folical)، کلسی‌کت (Calcicat) و کلرید کلسیم (CaCl2) طی فصل رشد شامل محلول‌پاشی طی کل فصل و محلول‌پاشی در اوایل، اواسط و اواخر فصل بر برخی خصوصیات کیفی شامل رنگ پوست، مقدار آنتوسیانین، غلظت اتیلن درونی، مقدار فنول کل و درصد بروز عارضة قهوه‌ای شدن درونی سیب ’فوجی‘ در زمان برداشت و طی انبارمانی بررسی شد. شاخص‌های رنگ L*، C*و °h (زاویة هیو) به‌طور معناداری تحت تأثیر محلول‌پاشی با کلسیم قرار گرفتند. محلول فولی‌کل سبب بهبود شاخصL*  نسبت به شاهد شد. میوه‌های تیمارشده با محلول‌های کلسیمی نسبت به شاهد دارای شاخص °h بیشتر و شاخص C*کمتری بودند. محلول‌پاشی در اواخر فصل نسبت به سه زمان دیگر کمترین تأثیر را بر شدت آنتوسیانین داشت. مقدار فنول کل پوست و گوشت میوه‌ها واکنش متفاوتی نسبت به ترکیبات کلسیمی و زمان‌های محلول‌پاشی نشان دادند. روند مشخصی در تغییرات مقدار ترکیبات فنولی طی انبارمانی وجود نداشت، اما به‌طور کلی، در تمام تیمارها مقدار ترکیبات فنلی پوست و گوشت میوه‌ها کاهش یافت. کاربرد کلسیم سبب کاهش غلظت اتیلن درونی شد. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، همة تیمارهای کلسیمی سبب کاهش معنادار عارضة قهوه‌ای شدن داخلی شدند. این عارضه در میوه‌های تیمارشده با فولی‌کل در اوایل فصل و کلسی‌کت مصرف‌شده در اواسط فصل مشاهده نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of several calcium compound sprayduring various growth stageson some qualitative characteristics of ‘Fuji’ apple

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ensieh Ghorbani 1
  • Davood Bakhshi 2
  • Esmaiel Fallahi 3
  • Babak Rabiei 4

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht- Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan- Rasht, Iran.

3 Professor of Pomology, University of Idaho, USA

4 . Professor, Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht- Iran

چکیده [English]

In this study, calcium chloride (CaCl2) and two organic calcium compounds namely Calcicat and Folical were applied at four different spray programs including All-, Early-, Mid- and Late-season spray at the Abhar region in Zanjan were compared in 2012. Some qualitative characteristics of ‘Fuji’ apple fruit such as peel color and anthocyanin, internal ethylene concentration, total phenolic content and percentage of internal browning incidence were studied at harvest and during storage. The color indices namely L*، C*and h °were influenced by the calcium solution spray. Folical increased the L* index compared to control.  Fruits which received calcium solutions had higher h° index and lower C* index than control. The anthocyanin content of fruit peel was influenced only by spray timing, at harvest. Late season spray resulted in less anthocyanin accumulation compared to other programs. Total phenolic content of the peel and pulp was affected by calcium compounds and spray programs in differently ways. There was not a clear trend in phenolic compounds change during storage; meanwhile, total phenolics decreased in the fruits peel and pulp. Calcium application decreased internal ethylene concentration. All calcium treatments significantly decreased the internal browning; however, it was not observed insprayed fruits by early season Folical and midseason Calcicat.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • Internal Browning
  • Internal Ethylene Concentration
  • Peel Color
  • total phenolics
مراجع
 
1 . اردلان م م و ثواقبی فیروزآبادی غ (1388) تغذیه درختان میوه (ترجمه). انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد تهران. 260 ص.
2 . بخشی د، فتح الهی س و آراکاوا ا (1389) بررسی ارتباط بین میزان ترکیبات فنلی و رنگ پوست در 3 رقم سیب قرمز در ژاپن. علوم باغبانی (علوم و صنایع کشاورزی). 24(1): 258-251.
3 . حسینی فرهی م، ابوطالبی ع و پناهی کردلاغری خ (1387) بررسی تغییرات سفتی بافت میوه سیب رد و گلدن دلیشز پس از برداشت با توجه به نوع پایه، رقم و تیمار کلرید کلسیم. پژوهش و سازندگی در زراعت و باغبانی. 78: 79-74.
4 . Alonso-Salces RM, Barranco A, Abad B, Berrueta LA, Gallo B and Vicente F) 2004 (Polyphenolic profiles of Basque cider apple cultivars and their technological properties. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 52: 2938-2952.
5 . Argenta L, Fan X and Mattheis J (2001( Development of internal browning in ̔Fuji̕ apples during storage. Washington Tree Fruit Postharvest Conference.
6 . Bakhshi D and Arakawa O (2006) Effects of UV-B irradiation on phenolic compound accumulation and antioxidant activity in ‘Jonathan’ apple influenced by bagging, temperature and maturation. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment. 4(1): 75-79. 
7 . Castaneda P and Perez LM (1996) Calcium ions promote theresponse of citrus lemon against fungal elicitors or wounding. Phytochemistry. 42: 595-598.
8 . Chaparzadeh N and Yavari B (2013) Antioxidant responses of Golden delicious apple under cold storage conditions. Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology. 4(1): 907-915.
9 . Conway WS, Sams CE and Hickey KD (2002) Pre- and postharvest calcium treatment of apple fruit and its effect on quality. Acta Horticulturae. 594: 413-419.
10 . D’ Angelo S, Amelia C, Raimo M, Salvatore A, Zappia V and Galletti P (2007) Effect of Reddening–Ripening on the Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenol Extracts from Cv. ‘Annurca’ Apple Fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 55(24): 9977-9985.
11 . Domagała-Świątkiewicz I and J Błaszczyk (2009) Effect of calcium nitrate spraying on mineral contents and storability of ‘Elise’ apples. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 18(5): 971-976.
12 . Dris R and Niskanen R (1999) Calcium chloride sprays decrease physiological disorders following long-term cold storage of apple. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 54: 159-171.
13 . Ernani PR, Dias J, Do Amarante CVT, Ribeiro DC and Rogeri D (2008) Preharvest calcium sprays were not always needed to improve fruit quality of ‘Gala’ apples in Brazil. Revista Brasilian de Fruticalture. 30(4): 892-896.
14 . Fallahi E, Conway WS, Hickey KD and Sams CE (1997) The role of calcium and nitrogen in postharvest quality and disease resistance of apples. HortScience. 32(5): 831-835.
15 . Fei H, Lin M, Guo-Liang Y, Na-Na L, Qiu-Hong P, Jun W, Malcolm JR and Chang-Qing D )2010( Biosynthesis of anthocyanins and their regulation in colored grapes. Molecules. 15: 9057-9091.
16 . Guerra M, Marcelo V, Valenciano JB and Casquero PA (2011) Effect of organic treatments with calcium carbonate and bio-activator on quality of ‘Reinette’ apple cultivar. Scientia Horticulturae. 129: 171-175.
17 . Hafez OM and Haggag KHE (2007) Quality improvements and storability of apple cv. Anna by preharvest application of boric and calcium chloride. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 3: 176-183.
18 . Jawandha SK, Mahajan BVC and Gill PS (2009) Effect of pre-harvest treatments on the cellulase activity and quality of Ber fruit under cold storage conditions. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 1(1): 88-91.
19 . Kadir SA (2005) Fruit quality at harvest of “Jonathan” apple treated with foliarly-applied calcium chloride. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 27: 1991-2006.
20 . Lanauskas J and Kviklienė N (2006) Effect of calcium foliar application on some fruit quality characteristics of ‘Sinap Orlovskij’ apple. Agronomy Research. 4(1): 31-36.
21 . Lata B )2008( Apple peel antioxidant status in relation to genotype, storage type and time. Scientia Horticulturae. 117: 45-52.
22 . Lee J, Durst RW and Wrolstad RE (2005) Determination of total monomeric anthocyanin pigment content of fruit juices, beverages, natural colorants, and wines by the pH differential method: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC international. 88(5): 1269-1278.
23 . Li ZH, Sugaya S, Gemma H and Iwahori S (2004) The effect of calcium, nitrogen and phosphorus on anthocyanin synthesis in ‘Fuji’ apple callus. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS). 653: 209-214.
24 . Mahmud TMM, Al Eryani-Raqeeb A, Syed Omar SR, Mohamed Zaki AR and AL Eryani AR (2008) Effects of different concentrations and applications of calcium on storage life and physicochemical characteristics of papaya (Carica papaya L.). American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences. 3(3): 526-533.
25 . Mirdehghan SH and Ghotbi F (2014) Effect of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and calcium chloride on reducing chilling injury of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 16: 163-173.
26 . Moor U, Toome M and Luik A (2006) Effects of different calcium compounds on postharvest quality of apples. Agronomy Research. 4(2): 543-548.
27 . Nagai T and Suzuki N )2001( Partial purification of polyphenol oxidase from Chinese cabbage Brassica rapa L. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 49: 3922-3926.
28 . Napolitano A, Cascone A, Graziani G, Ferracane R, Scalfi L, Di Vaio C, Ritieni A and Fogliano V (2004) Influence of variety and storage on the polyphenol composition of apple flesh. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 52: 6526-6531.
29 . Neilsen GH and Neilsen D (2002) Effect of foliar Zn, form and timing of Ca sprays on fruit Ca concentration in new apple cultivars. Acta Horticalturae. 594: 435-443.
30 . Neilsen GH, Neilsen D, Dong Sh, Toivonen P and Peryea F (2005) Application of CaCl2 sprays earlier in the season may reduce bitter pit incidence in ‘Braeburn’ apple. HortScience. 40(6): 1850-1853.
31 . Ochmian I (2012) The impact of foliar application of calcium fertilizers on the quality of highbush blueberry fruits belonging to the ‘Duke’ cultivar. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici. 40(2): 163-169.
32 . Peryea FJ, Neilsen GH and Faubion D (2007) Start-timing for calcium chloride spray programs influences fruit calcium and bitter pit in ‘Braeburn’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ apples. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 30: 1213-1227.
33 . Poovaiah BW (1988) The molecular and cellular aspects of calcium action. HortScience. 23: 267-271.
34 . Saftner RA, Conway WS and Sams CE (1999) Postharvest calcium infiltration alone and combined with surface coating treatment influence volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospheres of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples. Journal of the American Society for Horticaltural Science. 124: 553-558.
35 . Sams CE and Conway WS (1984) Effect of calcium infiltration on ethylene production, respiration rate, soluble polyuronide content, and quality of ‘Golden delicious’ apple fruit. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science. 118: 623-627.
36 . Sharma RR, Singh D and Pal RK (2013) Synergistic influence of pre-harvest calcium sprays and postharvest hot water treatment on fruit firmness, decay, bitter pit incidence and postharvest quality of royal delicious apples (Malus x domestica Borkh). American Journal of Plant Sciences. 4: 153-159.
37 . Suntharalingam S (1996) Postharvest treatment of mangoes with calcium. Tropical Science. 36: 14-17.
38 . Teixeira AF, Andrade AB, Ferrarese-Filho O and Ferrarese LL (2006) Role of calcium on phenolic compounds and enzymes related to lignification in soybean (Glycine max L.) root growth. Plant Growth Regulation. 49: 69-76.
39 . Tomas-Barberan FA, Gill MI, Castaner M, Artes F and Saltveit ME (1997) Effect of selected browning inhibitors on phenolic metabolism in stem tissue of harvested lettuce. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 45: 583-589.
40 . Van Der Sluis AA, Dekker M, De Jager A and Jongen WMF (2001) Activity and concentration of polyphenolic antioxidants in apple: effect of cultivar, harvest year and storage conditions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 49: 3606-3613
41 . Vestrheim S (1970) Effect of chemical compounds on anthocyanin formation in ‘McIntosh’ apple skin. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Sciences. 95: 712-715.
42 . Vitrac X, Larronde F, Krisa S, Decendit A, Deffieux G and Merillon JM (2000) Sugar sensing and Ca2+- calmodulin requirement in vitis vinifera cells producing anthocyanins. Phytochemistry. 53: 659-665.
43 . Waling I, Van Vark W, Houba V and JJ VDL (1989) Soil and plant analysis, a series of syllabi. Part 7, plant analysis procedure. Wageningen Agriculture University.
44 . Watkinz CB, Erkan M, Nock JF, Inugerman KA, Beaudry RM and Moran RE (2005) Harvest date effects on maturity, quality, and storage disorders of ‘Honeycrisp’ apples. HortScience. 40(1): 164-169.
 
به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 17، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
دی 1394
صفحه 925-938
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار