نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

گلدهی و تولید محصول در کامکوات ناگامی تا حدودی با دیگر مرکبات متفاوت است، زیرا به‌طور معمول سه بار گلدهی در سال اتفاق می‌افتد که ممکن است به تولید محصولاتی با کیفیت متفاوت روی یک درخت منجر شود. با توجه به تأثیر مناسب پاکلوبوترازول در افزایش و تغییر رژیم گلدهی مرکبات، آزمایشی به‌صورت گلدانی و با سه سطح پاکلوبوترازول (صفر، 1/0 و 5/0 گرم مادۀ مؤثره به‌ازای هر درخت) و شش تکرار به‌صورت بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در گلخانه انجام گرفت. ویژگی‌های فیزیکی میوه شامل طول، عرض، نسبت طول به عرض، حجم، جرم حجمی و خصوصیات کیفی میوه نظیر وزن خشک و تر، درصد مواد جامد محلول و اسیدیته به‌ازای هر تکرار ارزیابی شد. براساس نتایج، پاکلوبوترازول به‌طور کارامدی بر گلدهی و میوه‌بندی کامکوات ناگامی مؤثر بود. اثر تیمارهای پاکلوبوترازول بر طول رشد شاخساره‌ها قبل و بعد از دورۀ گلدهی و بر تعداد شاخساره‌ها پس از دورۀ گلدهی معنادار بود و به کاهش آنها منجر شد. همۀ تیمارهای پاکلوبوترازول به گلدهی زودهنگام (حدود 12 روز)، افزایش تعداد گل‌های جست اول (حدود شش برابر) و دوم (حدود چهار برابر) و میوه‌بندی نهایی منجر شد. از لحاظ خصوصیات کیفی میوه، کاهش معناداری در مقادیر طول، نسبت قطر به طول و اسیدیتۀ میوه‌ها ملاحظه شد. به­طور کلی، پاکلوبوترازول یک تنظیم‌کنندۀ رشد کارامد برای استفاده در تولید میوۀ کامکوات ناگامی است که ضمن حفظ اکثر صفات مطلوب میوه، سبب افزایش عملکرد چشمگیری در این گیاه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Changes in the pattern of flowering and fruit production in ‘Nagami’ kumquat using paclobutrazol

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariborz Zaare-Nahandi 1
  • Nilufar Mohamadi Silabi 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz

2 - Graduated M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz

چکیده [English]

Flowering and fruit production of ‘Nagami’ kumquat is somewhat different from other citrus species because usually have three flowering peak in a year which can lead to producing fruits with different quality on a tree. Considering the proper effect of paclobutrazol on raising citrus flowering, a pot experiment with three levels of paclobutrazol (zero, 0.1 and 0.5 g ai per tree) and six replications was conducted as a complete randomized block design. The results showed that paclobutrazol had effective effect on kumquat flowering and fruit set. Effect of paclobutrazol on shoot growth before and after the flowering period and the number of shoots after flowering period was significant and led to reducing them. All paclobutrazol treatments led to early flowering, increasing the number of first and second flower flush and fruit production. In terms of fruit quality, significant decrease in the length, diameter/length ratio and acidity of fruits was observed. In general, paclobutrazol caused a marked increase in fruit production of ‘Nagami’ kumquat, while retained most of the desirable traits of fruit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth regulator
  • GA
  • Flower induction
  • citrus
  • Production
 
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