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ارزیابی تحمل پایه‌های هلو، بادام تلخ، GF677 و GN15 به کلروز ناشی از بی‌کربنات و کمبود آهن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 . کارشناس ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تحمل چهار پایه از درختان هسته‌دار به کلروز کمبود آهن، آزمایشی در قالب فاکتوریل بر پایۀ طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار، در دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در سال 1391 انجام گرفت. پایه‌های مورد بررسی شامل هیبرید‌‌‌های هلوو بادام GF677 و GN15، بادام تلخ و هلو و تیمار‌‌های غذایی مورد استفاده شامل: محلول غذایی هوگلند فاقد آهن (‌اسیدیتۀ 6)؛ محلول غذایی هوگلند حاوی آهن با غلظت 90 میکرومولار به‌عنوان تیمار شاهد (اسیدیتۀ 6)؛ و محلول غذایی هوگلند حاوی آهن با غلظت 90 میکرومولار و بی‌کربنات پتاسیم با غلظت 10 میلی‌مولار (اسیدیتۀ 8) بود. در پایان آزمایش، آهن کل و فعال برگ و ریشه،غلظت کلروفیل، پراکسید هیدروژن و همچنین فعالیت کاتالاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز اندازه‌گیری شد. حساس‌ترین پایه به کمبود آهن و اسیدیتۀ زیاد، هلو؛ و متحمل‌ترین پایۀ بادام تلخ بود. بین هیبرید‌های هلو و بادام،GF677  تحمل بهتری به شرایط فقر آهن و حضور بی‌کربنات در مقایسه با GN15 نشان داد. محلول غذایی حاوی بی‌کربنات مانع جذب و انتقال آهن توسط ریشه‌های هلو شد، درحالی­ که سایر پایه‌ها مقادیر به‌نسبت زیادی آهن را در این شرایط جذب کردند و به اندام هوایی انتقال دادند. در این شرایط، در پایه‌های GF677 و GN15 مقادیر به‌نسبت زیادی آهن در برگ‌ها به‌شکل غیرفعال بود، ولی در پایۀ بادام تلخ افزون بر جذب و انتقال زیاد آهن، مقدار زیادی از این عنصر فعال و توسط برگ قابل استفاده بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Peach, Bitter Almond, GF677 and GN15 Rootstocks for Bicarbonate or Iron Deficiency-Induced Chlorosis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Razieh Rostami 1
  • Ahmad Ershadi 2
  • Hasan Sarikhani 2

1 - Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate tolerance of four Prunus rootstocks to Fe-deficiency-induced Chlorosis,  an experiment was carried out in Bu-Ali Sina University in 2012 using a RCBD design with four replications. Four rootstocks were used, including GF677, GN15, bitter almond and peach and nutritional treatments were: Hoagland solution without Fe (pH = 6), Hoagland solution containing 90µM Fe as control (pH = 6), and Hoagland solution containing 90 µM Fe + 10 mM KHCO3 (pH = 8). At the end of experiment, total and active content of iron in leaves and roots, chlorophyll content, hydrogen peroxide levels as well as catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme activity were measured. Based on the results, peach was the most sensitive rootstock to iron deficiency and bicarbonate treatments, while almond was the most tolerant rootstock. Comparing two peach × almond hybrid rootstocks showed that GF677 had better performance under iron deficiency and in the presence of bicarbonate rather than GN15. Bicarbonated nutrient solution inhibited the Fe absorption and transport by peach roots, whiles other rootstocks uptake high amount of iron and transferred it to shoots. In this condition, on both peach-almond hybrids, GF677 and GN15, large amounts of iron in leaves were in inactive form but on bitter almond rootstock in addition to high iron uptake and transport, large amounts of this element was active and utilizable by leaves.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Active iron
  • almond
  • Ascorbate peroxidase
  • Catalase
  • Rootstock
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به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 17، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
تیر 1394
صفحه 341-355
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هم رسانی
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