نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر دما و فتوپریود بر سرعت نمو مراحل مختلف رویشی و زایشی کلزا، آزمایشی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی گنبد، در دو سال زراعی 85-1384 و 86-1385 اجرا شد. با تأخیر در کاشت، طول دورۀ رویشی و زایشی به­طور خطی کاهش یافت. رابطۀ بین میانگین دما با طول دورۀ نمو، برای دورۀ کاشت تا سبز شدن و سبز شدن تا شروع غنچه­دهی توانی منفی، شروع غنچه­دهی تا شروع گلدهی و شروع گلدهی تا شروع پر شدن دانه درجۀ 2 و شروع پر شدن دانه تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک خطی منفی بود. کاهش طول دورۀ پر شدن دانه با افزایش دما در هیبرید ‘هایولا 401’ به­طور شایان توجهی بیشتر از رقم ‘آرجی­اس003’ بود که نشان­دهندۀ واکنش بیشتر نمو هیبرید ‘هایولا401’ نسبت به دما بود. بین میانگین فتوپریود از سبز شدن تا شروع گلدهی با درجۀ روز رشد تجمعی طی این مرحله رابطۀ خطی مثبت وجود داشت که به­ترتیب 68 و 74 درصد از تغییرات در هیبرید ‘هایولا401’ و رقم ‘آرجی­اس003’ را توجیه کرد و نشان­دهندۀ تأثیر مثبت فتوپریود بر نمو کلزا از سبز شدن تا شروع گلدهی بود. نمو کلزا از سبز شدن تا شروع گلدهی تحت تأثیر فتوپریود و دما و از شروع گلدهی تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک تحت تأثیر دما بود. 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation the effect of temperature and photoperiod on growth and development periods of two canola cultivars

نویسنده [English]

  • Abolfazl Faraji

Associated Professor, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Golestan, Gorgan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of temperature and photoperiod (PP) on development rate of different vegetative and reproductive stages of canola, an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Gonbad during 2005-2007. The experiment was a randomized complete block design arranged in a split-plot in two conditions, for example supplemental irrigation and rainfed. There were different regression equations between mean temperature and duration of development periods, i.e. a negative power equation for periods from planting to emergence and from emergence to beginning of budding, a quadratic equation for periods from beginning of budding to beginning of flowering and beginning of flowering to beginning of seed filling, and a negative linear equation for period from beginning of seed filling to physiological maturity. The decrease in seed filling period with increase in temperature was considerably higher in Hyola401 hybrid than RGS003 cultivar, indicating that the response of Hyola 401 development to temperature was more than RGS003. There was a positive linear relationship between mean PP from emergence to beginning of flowering with cumulative thermal time during this period, explaining 68 and 74 percent of the variation for Hyola401 and RGS003 cultivars, respectively, showing the positive effect of PP on canola development from emergence to beginning of flowering. Canola development was affected by PP and temperature during emergence to beginning of flowering, and temperature during beginning of flowering to physiological maturity.
 
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canola
  • Cultivar
  • Gonbad
  • Sowing date
  • Thermal time
 
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