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بهینه سازی رشد و عملکرد عروسک پشت پرده با کاربرد ورمی کمپوست در تراکم های مختلف کشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثر تراکم (50، 75 و 100 سانتی­متر فاصلۀ بین ردیف‌ها) و کود ورمی‌کمپوست (صفر، 5، 10 و 15 تن در هکتار) بر صفات رویشی، عملکرد کمی و کیفی عروسک پشت­پرده (Physalis peruviana L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران در سال 1392 صورت گرفت. تیمار‌های مورد آزمایش بر بیشتر صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری (قطر طوقه، ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، تعداد شاخۀ جانبی در بوته، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد و وزن میوه در بوته،‌ قطر و وزن تک­میوه، وزن کالیکس، عملکرد کل و بازارپسند، اسیدیتۀ عصاره، مواد جامد محلول، اسید قابل تیتراسیون، شاخص­های رنگ میوه، ویتامین ث و فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی) به‌خصوص صفات کمی تأثیر معناداری گذاشتند، به­طوری­ که کاربرد 15 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست نسبت به شاهد، وزن میوه در بوته، عملکرد کل و درصد بازارپسندی را به­ترتیب 31/37، 82/37 و 52/11 درصد افزایش داد. فاصلۀ بین ردیف 100 سانتی­متر نیز به حصول بیشترین مقدار صفات رشدی و عملکرد منجر شد. همچنین اثر متقابل فاصلۀ بین ردیف 100 سانتی­متر همراه با کاربرد 15 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست به حصول بیشترین تعداد میوه در بوته و عملکرد بازارپسند منجر شد. بیشترین مقدار اسید قابل تیتراسیون و فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی به­ترتیب با کاربرد 15 و 10 تن در هکتار ورمی­کمپوست، و بیشترین مقدار ویتامین ث، اسید قابل تیتراسیون و مواد جامد محلول به­ترتیب در فاصلۀ کشت 50، 75 و 100 سانتی­متر مشاهده شد.
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing growth and yield of Cape gooseberry by application of vermicompost under different plant densities

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Tabrizi 1
  • Hosein Mohamadi 2
  • Reza Salehi 3

1 . Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of planting density (50, 75 and 100 cm inter-row distance) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t.ha-1) on growth, qualitative and quantitative criteria of gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized block design with three replications in University of Tehran, in 2013. Criteria such as leaf area, collar diameter, number of lateral branches per plant, plant height, fruit number and weight per plant, weight and diameter per fruit, calyx weight, total fruit yield, fruit marketable percentage, total marketable yield, plant dry weight and quality criteria such as pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C, antioxidant activity and fruit color indices were evaluated. Results showed that treatments significantly affected most measured growth and yield criteria in which application of 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost increased them compared to control (non-vermicompost application) in which fruit weight per plant, total fruit yield and marketable percentage were increased 37.31, 37.82 and 11.52 percent, respectively. Also, inter-row distance of 100 cm performed better for plant growth and yield criteria. Interaction effect of 100 cm planting density and 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost caused the highest number of fruit per plant and marketable yield. The highest amount of TA and antioxidant activity obtained by application of 15 and 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost, respectively and vitamin C, TA and TSS were increased in planting distance of 50, 75 and 75 cm inter-row distance, respectively.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fruit
  • growth indices
  • Organic fertilizer
  • Planting distance
  • yield
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به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 17، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
دی 1394
صفحه 989-1001
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