نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی در مراحل مختلف رشد و روش کاشت بر برخی ویژگی­های فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی دو رقم نخود ‘آرمان’ و ‘آزاد’، آزمایشی در مزرعة تحقیقاتی دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل­ در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال 1390 انجام گرفت. فاکتور اصلی تنش خشکی (آبیاری کاملI1=، قطع آبیاری در زمان گلدهی I2=­ و قطع آبیاری در دو هفته پس از سبز شدن I3=) و ­فاکتور فرعی شامل ترکیبی از دو رقم نخود (‘آرمان’ و ‘آزاد’) و روش کاشت (کرتی، درون جوی و روی پشته) ­بود. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص سطح برگ، هدایت روزنه­ای، سرعت فتوسنتز، مقدار کلروفیل a و b و کلروفیل کل تحت تأثیر تنش خشکی کاهش­ و مقدار پرولین افزایش یافت. رقم ‘آزاد’در مقایسه با رقم ‘آرمان’ دارای شاخص سطح برگ، هدایت روزنه­ای، سرعت فتوسنتز و کلروفیل بیشتری بود. بیشترین میزان فتوسنتز در تیمار آبیاری کامل (09/16 میکرومول بر متر مربع بر ثانیه) به­دست آمد و با اعمال تنش آبی در مرحلة دو هفته پس از سبز شدن و گلدهی، فتوسنتز به‌ترتیب 79/25 و 23/14 درصد کاهش یافت. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که رقم ‘آزاد’ و کاشت روی پشته به‌دلیل سرعت فتوسنتز بیشتر و کاهش کمتر هدایت روزنه­ای، عملکرد بیشتری دارند و در منطقة مورد مطالعه قابل توصیه‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of drought stress and planting method on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of two chickpea cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • laleh Abaslu 1
  • SEYED ABDOLREZA KAZEMEINI 2
  • Mohsen Edalat 3
  • Ali Dadkhahi 3

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of drought stress and planting method on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of two chickpea cultivars (Cicer arietinum L.) an experiment was conducted at the research station of College of Agriculture, Shiraz University using a split factorial based on randomized complete block design in four replications. The main factor was stopping irrigation at different growth stages of chickpea (full irrigation=I1, flowering=I2 and two weeks after emergence =I3) and the sub-factor included a combination of pea varieties (Arman and Azad) and sowing methods (planting on ridges, furrow and basin), respectively. Results showed that under drought stress, leaf area index, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a and b and total chlorophyll content decreased while proline content increased. The cultivar Azad had higher than to Arman, leaf area index, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll. The highest photosynthesis rate obtained under full irrigation treatment (16.09µmol m-2s-1) and it’s reduced to 25.79 and 14.23 percent under water stress in I3 and I2 treatments respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the cultivar of Azad is suitable for this region and it is suggested to be planted on the ridge as has higher photosynthesis rate and lower stomatal conductance reduction leading to a higher yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Photosynthesis
  • proline
  • Ridge planting
  • stomatal conductivity
  • Stopping irrigation
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